Comparative Study of the Antibacterial and antifungal Spectrum, Phytochemi

 Piliostigma reticulatum plant found in West Africa. It is an Evergreen shrub with a twisted bole to 9 m high, with a bushy spherical canopy. Bark dark grey to brown, fibrous and corky, slash dark red. Leaves large, thick, leathery, grey-green, 6-12 cm long, Fruit large, long, straight, undulate or twisted and hard, either glabrous or sparsely pubescent, brown, indehiscent, up to 25 cm long, 5 cm wide. Alchonea laxiofolia is a Deciduous, erect to straggling shrub 7m tall. Two extracting solvents were used for purpose of extraction, (Ethanol and Aqueous). Six clinical and environmental organisms were used for this research work. The organisms are Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Candida albicans, Klebsiella pneumonia, Aspergilus flavus, Staphylococcus aureus. Agar well diffusion method was used to determine the antimicrobial activities of the two medicinal plants. It was observed that all the clinical and environmental organisms were susceptible to the two medicinal plants, both exhibits different degree of antimicrobial zones inhibition. Quantitative and Qualitative phytochemical screening was also determined on the two medicinal plants. It was observed that both plants,Piliostigma reticulatum and Alchonealaxiofolia contains various bioactive components like Alkaloids, Cardiac glycoside, Flavonoids, Steroids, Tannin, Saponin and Phenol. Quantitative Analyses of element Present in Plant Extracts (ug/100g) were also determined, Minerals like Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium, Zinc, Lead, Manganese, and Phorphorus were present at various percentage compositions by mass. Quantitative Analyses of Anti –nutrients Present in Plant Extracts were also elucidated. Anti-nutrients like Tannin Phenol, Oxalate, Saponin and flavonoids were present in various quantities.Quantitative analyses Of Proximate Nutrient Composition of Plant Extracts of Alchornea laxiflora and Piliostigma reticulatum were also determined. It was observed that the two plants contain Fats, Carbonhydrates, Moisture contents, Crude protein, Fibres and Ash. In vitro-antioxidant activities of ethyl acetate leaf extracts of the two plants were also determined. They both contain different antioxidant in various quantities. Antioxidant are Ferric reducing property (FRAP)Azino-bis (3-ethylbenthiazoline-6-sulphuric acid)(ABTS), Superoxide, Diphenyl - 2-picryhydrazyl( DPPH), H2O2, Flavonoids and Phenols. The purpose of this research work is to determine the antimicrobial activities,elementpresent, Anti-nutrients, Proximate contents and In vitro-Antioxidants activities  of Piliostigma reticulatum and Alchonea laxiofolia.