Educational Barriers and Academic Performance of Physically Handicapped Learners in Bondo District Kenya

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

DECLARATION ...................................................................................... i

DEDICATION ....................................................................................... ii

ACKNOLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................... iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................... iv

LIST TABLES ...................................................................................... vii

LIST OF FIGURES .............. · ................................................................. viii

DEFINITION OF ITEMS ............................................................... : .......... x

ABSTRACT .......................................................................................... xii

CHAPTER ONE ................................................................................... 1

INTRODUCTION ................................................................................. 1

1.0 Overview: ...................................................................................... 1

1.1 Background information: ................................................................. 1

1.2 Statement of the problem ................................................................ 3

1~3 Purpose of the Study ....................................................................... 4

1.4 Research questions ................................................... : ..................... 4

1.5 Objectives of the Study ................................................................... 4

1.6 Scope of Study ............. : ................................................................. 5

1.7 Significance of the Study: ...................................................... : ......... 6

CHAPTER Two ............................................................. ; ...................... s

LITERATURE REVIEW ........................................................................ 8

2.0 Overview ....................................................................................... 8

2.1 Attitudes of people .......................................................................... 8

2.2 Learning Facilities: .......................................................................... 9

2.3 Environmental Modification: ........................................................... 10

2.4 Academic Performance: ................................................................. 11

2.5 Teaching methods (IEP) ................................................................ 12

IV

2.6 Ada'ptive device or facility modification .................................. : ......... 13

CHAPTER THREE .............................................................................. 14

METHODOLOGY ............................................................................... 14

3.0 Overview ..................................................................................... 14 3.1 Research design I approach: .......................................................... 14

3.2 Sample ........................................................................................ 14

3.3 Sampling Procedure ...................................................................... 15

3.4 Data analysis ............................................................................... 15

3.5 Research Instruments ................................................................... 16

3.6 Research Procedure ...................................................................... 16

3. 7 ConciL:Jsion· .................. · ................................................................. 16

CHAPTER FOUR ............................................................................... 17

DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS ............................................. 17

4.0 Overview ..................................................................................... 17

4.1 Answers to research questions ....................................................... 17

4.2 Conclusion ................................................................................... 34

CHAPTER FIVE ................................................................................. 35

DISCUSSION, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ................. 35

5.0 Overview ................................................................. ; ................... 35

5.1 Discussion ..................................................... .' ............................. 35

5.2 Conclusion: .................................................................................. 37

5.3. Recommendations .................... .-; ......................................... : ....... 37

5.4 Conclusion ................................................................................... 38

BIBLIOGRAPHY ........................................................... , ...................... 39

APPENDIX 1: TIME FRAME .................................................................. 41

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APPENDIX II: BUDGET ........................................................................ 42

APPENDIX III: QUESTIONNAIRES FOR PUPILS ...................................... 43

APPENDIX IV: QUESTIONNAIRE FOR TEACHERS ..... : .. ............................ 46 APPEND I» V :. QUESTIONN~IRES FOR HEADTEACHERS .......................... 50 APPENDIX VI: INTRODUCTORY LETTER ....................................... ~ ......... 55

APPENDIX VII: MAP OF RESEARCH ENVIRONMENT ................................. 56

ABSTRACT

Comparatively the number of physically handicapped learners enrolled in the regular schools is still low yet every effort is being made to increase the number. The researcher wanted to find out whether various educational barriers hinder their academic achievements or not. In order to do this study the researchers embarked on a descriptive survey kind of research. He tested two variables that' is educational barrier (attitudes. facirities teaching methods learning environment) against another variable called academic performance. The researchers targeted Bondo districts in Kenya which had 236 schools. For efficiency he singled out Usigu division which had 39 schools, 240 teachers and 7800 pupils and 39 head teachers By random sampling he selected 60 teachers, 240 pupil and 15 Head teachers. Then he used the following strata for the selected 15 schools. Schools near the lakes 5, schools in urban setting 3 and schools from the interior 7. Questionnaires were used in the study and both male and female pupils were randomly selected from std. 6 to 8. Questionnaires were sent to schools. From the responses it emerged that teachers had negative attitude towards these learners, t.here were no suitable learning facilities, the learning. facilities were not yet well modified and the teachers wen~ also not yet weir trained to the capacity to handle these learners. The researchers' recommendations were that a lot of sensitization should be augmented in order to remove stigma and enhance positive attitudes.

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