Effects Of Presence Of Others On Children‟S Simple And Complex Memory Tasks Performances Among Primary School Pupils In Tanzania

ABSTRACT

The purpose of the current experimental study was to investigate effects of presence

of others on children‟s simple and complex memory task performances among

primary school pupils in Tanzania. The Study hypothesized that he individual pupil

would perform significantly better on simple memory tasks in alone setting than in

the presence of others. Then boys would perform significantly better on simple

memory tasks than girls in alone settings as well as in the presence of others. Last

hypothesis was that girls would perform significantly better on complex memory

tasks than boys in alone setting as well as in the presence of others. The Study

employed Within Participants Repeated Measures Experimental Design for data

collection. The data were analyzed using independent t-test and paired t-test. It was

observed that on simple memory tasks , the pupils performances were significantly

higher when the tasks were done in the presence of others as compared to situations

where tasks were done in alone setting (p=0.00150.05). Generally the study revealed that under similar

environments, the girls performed better on simple and complex memory tasks as

compared to their boy‟s counterparts but there was no statistically significantly

differences between them. The study recommended that in order to promote memory

among pupils, teachers‟ activities should design teaching and learning in social

settings. Besides further research should be conducted in order to confirm or

disconfirm the findings of the current study.