Research Papers/Topics in Crop Science
Variation Of Common Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) Genotypes For Water Stress, Adaptability And Yield Performance In Kagera Region, North – Western, Tanzania
BSTRACTCommon bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is the most important crop for the livelihoods ofsmallholder farmers in Tanzania; it is the most produced pulse by small-scale farmers forhousehold consumption and earning income after selling surplus. Common beans areintercropped with maize or with permanent crops such as banana or coffee and some fewfarmers grow it as a sole crop. The objectives of this study were to assess the effects ofwater stress on seed yield of common bean under controlled en...
Optimization Of Fertilizer Application Rates For Onion, Tomato And Amaranth In Morogoro Municipal, Tanzania
ABSTRACTMost small scale farmers in Morogoro apply inorganic fertilizers to vegetable crops they grow. However no standard fertilizer application recommendations exist. This may lead to under supply or over supply of nutrients, resulting into economic loss and environmental hazard. Experiments were conducted to establish and recommend the best optimum NPK fertilizer application levels for tomato, onion and amaranth crops in Morogoro Municipal agro - ecological conditions. The experiments were...
Distribution Of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Markers Towards Tagging Sources Of Resistance To Cassava Brown Streak Disease In Cassava.
ABSTRACTCassava roots represent the future of food and income generation for over 800 million people in the world however, its production is threatened by virus disease; Cassava brown streak disease (CBSD). Biotechnology approaches are fast and powerful methodologies in cassava improvement and breeding. Construction of high-density and high quality genetic map in cassava would be of great benefit in combating CBSD. Conventional study was conducted in Naliendele, Kibaha and Dodoma for Tanzania...
Distribution Of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Markers Towards Tagging Sources Of Resistance To Cassava Brown Streak Disease In Cassava
ABSTRACTCassava roots represent the future of food and income generation for over 800 million people in the world however, its production is threatened by virus disease; Cassava brown streak disease (CBSD). Biotechnology approaches are fast and powerful methodologies in cassava improvement and breeding. Construction of high-density and high quality genetic map in cassava would be of great benefit in combating CBSD. Conventional study was conducted in Naliendele, Kibaha and Dodoma for Tanzania...
Characterization And Incorporation Of Fusarium Wilt Disease Resistance In African And Asian Pigeonpeas [Cajanus Cajan (L.) Millsp.] Germplasms
ABSTRACTFusarium wilt is a plant disease caused by Fusarium udum (Butler). It is a soil and seed borne fungus which causes significant yield losses in susceptible cultivars throughout the pigeonpea growing areas. Numerous control measures have been suggested to alleviate the problem but their success has still remained low due to prohibitive costs. Development of resistant pigeonpea varieties is sought as an alternative for control of the disease. However, the task of developing resistant pig...
Occurrence And Distribution Of Potato Bacterial Wilt Disease And Variability Of Its Causal Agent In Southern Highlands Of Tanzania
ABSTRACTA survey was carried out in three potato growing Districts of the Southern Highland Zone of Tanzania to determine incidence and severity of bacterial wilt of potato caused by Ralstonia solanacearum and characterizing the strains of the causing pathogen. Ten villages from each district and five fields from each village were surveyed. The fields and plants were randomly selected and bacterial wilt symptoms identified. Wilt incidence was recorded based on number of plants showing symptom...
Developmental Biology Of Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) Species Attacking Cucurbits
ABSTRACTFruit flies are among the major pests of cucurbits in many parts of Tanzania. Studieson fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) attacking cucurbit in Morogoro were conductedat Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA). Objectives of the studies were: tocompare incidences and infestation rates of selected fruit fly species in different stagesof cucumber fruit, to establish duration and determine survival of immature stages ofBactrocera cucurbitae in selected cucurbitaceous hosts. Cucurbit fru...
Management Strategies To Reduce Postharvest Losses Of Tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum L.) In Morogoro, Tanzania
ABSTRACTLack of simple storage facilities in tomato supply chain contributes to high postharvest losses of tomato in Tanzania. In the field, harvested tomatoes are left in an open area and occasionally covered with grasses or sometimes under shade trees. Refrigerated storage structures are relatively expensive to build and operate; and most people living in rural areas cannot afford. This study was conducted to determine the effect of on farm storage technology (zero energy cool chamber) with...
Phenotypic And Genetic Diversity Of Sweet Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor L.) Varieties And Their Suitability For Ethanol Production In Tanzania
ABSTRACTSweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) has been recognised widely as a potential alternativesource of biofuel because of its high fermentable sugar content in the stalk. Withinternational focus on alternative fuel sources, investors are looking at sweet sorghum as afeedstock source for bioethanol production without compromising sorghum’s primary usefor food, fodder, and animal feed. However, for researchers to maximize its feedstockpotential and to be used in future there is a need to u...
Genotype X Environment Interaction On Performance Of Selected Cashew (Anacardium Occidentale L.) Hybrids In Tanzania
ABSTRACTCashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) is an important export crop in a number of tropical countries and is the main cash crop and the leading source of income for over 300,000 households in Southern and Eastern Tanzania. Farmers still, however use unimproved varieties, which account for low yields. Thirty cashew genotypes were evaluated to assess genetic variability for higher yield and its components at two locations (Nachingwea and Chambezi) in the Southern and Eastern zones of Tanzani...
Effects Of Weed Density And Species Diversity On Cassava (Manihot Esculenta Crantz) Yield In Zambia
ABSTRACTCassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is one of the important crops in the world for foodand income security. Cassava production is challenged by weeds as they reduce yield to100%. Effective weed management in cassava production depend determination of weedspecies diversity and determination of Critical Period for Weed Removal (CPWR). Astudy was conducted in Zambia, to document weed species diversity in cassava growingareas of Chongwe and Kaoma districts in Zambia, determine the critical...
Improving Upland Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Perfomance Through Enhanced Soil Fertility And Water Conservation Methods At Ukiriguru Mwanza, Tanzania
ABSTRACTThe experiment was conducted at Agricultural Research Institute (ARI)–Ukiriguru Mwanza, Tanzania from November 2011 to May 2012, aiming at improving upland rice performance through enhanced soil fertility and water conservation methods. A split–split plot experiment in randomized complete block design with three replications and three factors that were (a) upland rice cultivars (WAB 450, NERICA1 and NERICA4) (b) fertilizer types, (urea 80kg N/ha, farm yard manure 5 t/ha and contro...
Response Of Rice Yield To Rat Damage In Irrigated Rice (Oryza Sativum L.) In Mvomero District, Morogoro, Tanzania
ABSTRACTRodents often damage crops throughout the growing season, from germination to harvest, thus making it difficult to understand its cumulative effects for crops such as rice that are able to partially compensate. This study examines response of rice yield to rat damage in farmer’s fields and simulated rat damage in irrigated and rain-fed rice (Oryza sativum L.) in Morogoro, one of Tanzania’s granary areas. The study was conducted at Hembeti village in Mvomero district from September...
EFFECTIVENESS OF CULTURAL PRACTICES AND SWEET POTATO VARIETIES (Ipomoea Batatas Lam) IN MANAGING SWEET POTATO WEEVIL (Cylas Spp) IN ZANZIBAR
ABSTRACTField experiments were conducted simultaneously from April to July 2012 at agro-ecologies; Bambi (Latitude 06o09’S, Longitude 039o16’E; and Altitude 20m above sea level) Central District and Kizimbani (Latitude 05o54’S, Longitude 039o16’E; and Altitude 20 m above sea level) Western Unguja district. The aim was to investigate the effectiveness of selected cultural practices (weeding and hilling-up once, twice and thrice), vine portions (apical, middle and basal) and variety (Mb...
RESPONSE OF SWEET POTATO (Ipomoea Batatas LAM) TO ORGANIC AND INORGANIC FERTILIZERS IN LOAMY SAND SOIL AT TUMBI, TABORA, TANZANIA
ABSTRACTA field experiment was conducted during 2014/15 growing season at Tumbi, Tabora to study response of sweet potato to organic and inorganic fertilizers. The experiment was split plot laid in a Randomized Complete Block Design with four fertilizer types and different rates; 0, 50, 100, 150 (DAP), 100, 200, 300 kg ha-1 (Minjingu Mazao), 150, 250, 350 kg ha-1 (NPK) and 2.5,5.0,7.5 ton ha-1 (FYM) as main plots and three varieties (Kasinia, Simama and Ukerewe) as subplot in three replicatio...