Introduction Over-exploitation and habitat destruction have become a major limitation to production, marketing and usage of botanical pesticides. In Tanzania, Commiphora swynnertonii and Synadenium glaucescens have been reported to be disappearing very fast. There is a need ii to develop a technique that will ensure sustainable availability of these plants. The current study, therefore aimed at enhancing mass propagation and fungicidal effectiveness of C. swynnertonii and S. glaucescens agai...
ABSTRACT Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a food security crop for most of the populations in the tropical regions of the world, where it ranks fourth as a source of energy, after rice, sugar cane and maize. Twelve cassava genotypes were evaluated to assess genetic variability for root yield and its components at three locations (Naliendele, Mtopwa and Nachingwea) in the Southern zone of Tanzania, during 2011 - 2012 cropping season. This research was carried out to study the stability p...
ABSTRACT Two field experiments were conducted during the growing season of 2018/2019 at Zanzibar Agricultural Research Institute (ZARI) Unguja and Pemba. The objective of the experiment was to explore the potentiality of optimizing land productivity through intercropping cassava with sweet potato on limited land available. The experiment was a split-split plot laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications. Improved cassava variety 'Kizimbani' was intercropped w...
ABSTRACT Simple sequence repeat (SSR) microsatellite markers were used to analyze genetic variation of 70 samples of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Landraces grown in Tanzania. The objective of the study was to assess the extent of genetic variation in traditional rice varieties and establish their genetic relationships for developing breeding strategies. Ten (10) SSR markers were found to be polymorphic with a minimum of 1 and a maximum of 6 alleles. Variability in the number of alleles was obtaine...
ABSTRACT The study on the response of common bean genotypes to rhizobia inoculation and effects of P and N on biological nitrogen fixation was carried out in field and Screen house experiments. Field experiments arranged in a split-split plot design were conducted to (a) Screen 16 common bean genotypes for capacity to fix nitrogen when inoculated with Rhizobium inoculants and (b) Assess genotype by environment interaction (G x E) on biological nitrogen fixation. The locations were the main-p...
EXTENDED ABSTRACT Field investigations on the occurrence, incidence and damage severity of the Citrus Leafminer Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) on Citrus crops were conducted in Morogoro Rural, Muheza and Kinondoni districts from December 2011 to September 2012. Fifty citrus fields were randomly selected in each of Morogoro Rural and Muheza districts from which 10 000 trees (>5 years old) were examined for leafminer damage signs. A total of 25 seedling nurseries...
ABSTRACT Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is accepted globally as a major food crop. It is a staple food crop in many countries in Africa. There has been an increasing demand of rice in Africa. Africa consumes 11.6 million tonnes of rice per annum and out of 39 rice producing countries, 21 import 50 to 99 percent of their rice requirements. The inability to reach the yield potential that would sustain Africa’s need for rice is due to many biotic and abiotic constraints that rice production faces. In...
ABSTRACT Rice Yellow Mottle Virus (RYMV) is the most important pest constraint of rice in Tanzania and other sub Saharan Africa countries. Fertilizer management is recommended to minimize incidence and development of the disease in affected rice ecosystems. Field research was carried out in the 2014 cropping season at Sokoine University of Agriculture to determine the effect of nitrogen fertilizers on the development of RYMV and grain yield of rice. Split-split plot in a randomized complete ...
ABSTRACT The field experiment to evaluate the effectiveness of bean plant population under conservation and conventional tillage systems in suppressing weeds in maize-bean intercropping systems was conducted at the Tropical Pesticides Research Institute (TPRI) for the 2010 short rains and 2011 long rains season. A split-split plot experiment laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used with three replications. The main treatments were: the conventional and conservation till...
ABSTRACT Common bean anthracnose disease caused by the fungus Colletotrichum lindemuthianum causes significant yield losses. It is most destructive in areas with cool temperatures and high humidity (90 - 100 %). The aim of the study was to introgress resistance gene into adapted but susceptible local cultivars Masai Red and Soya Njano using conventional breeding methods. Five races of C. lindemuthianum were isolated and named, from thirty two common bean diseased plants samples collected fro...
ABSTRACT An experiment was conducted to determine the effectiveness of potassium in mitigating drought stress and improving yield in lowland rice ecosystems at Sokoine University of Agriculture Morogoro Tanzania. The main plot constituted three soil moisture levels viz. flooding, 20 and 40 kPa soil moisture tensions. Subplot factor constituted three lowland rice varieties viz. SARO, NERICA4 and SUPA while potassium levels were 0,50 and 100 kg K ha-1 for field experiment and 0, 25 and 50 mg K...
EXTENDED ABSTRACT Cassava roots represent the future of food and income generation for over 800 million people in the world however, its production is threatened by virus disease; Cassava brown streak disease (CBSD). Biotechnology approaches are fast and powerful methodologies in cassava improvement and breeding. Construction of high-density and high quality genetic map in cassava would be of great benefit in combating CBSD. Conventional study was conducted in Naliendele, Kibaha and Dodoma f...
ABSTRACT This study was carried out to evaluate the genetic diversity of rice germplasms collected from Eastern and Southern Africa countries (Burundi, Kenya, Malawi, Tanzania including Zanzibar and Rwanda) based on morphological, molecular and quality traits for utilization in breeding programmes. A total of 191 rice germplasms were characterized in this study. Twenty four qualitative and quantitative morphological traits, eight grain quality traits and 18 Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) marke...
ABSTRACT This study was carried out to assess the performance of advanced common bean lines (BC2F6) to diseases (Angular leaf spot, Common bean blight and Bean common mosaic virus/Bean common mosaic necrosis virus) and yield and yield components in three different locations; Arusha, Mbeya and Morogoro. The experiment was arranged in split plot, main plots were locations (Arusha, Morogoro and Mbeya) and sub-plots were 32 genotypes (28 lines and 4 checks). The results from the experiment revea...
EXTENDED ABSTRACT In Tanzania, limited attention has been channeled towards the assessment of the fertility status of the soils in areas perceived as suitable for agricultural activities, mainly crop production. In the absence of reliable soil fertility data and information, agricultural land use, and in particular crop production has resulted in very low yields of most of the crops, with subsequent land degradation. The Solomon Mahlangu Campus (SMC) farm – Sokoine University of Agricultu...