Abstract The role that the indigenous systems of governance in Africa play towards solving some of the social, political and economic problems cannot be overlooked. Contrary to the popular opinion suggesting that African indigenous approaches to conflict resolution are archaic and outmoded, this essay emphasizes the need to rethink the relevance of consensus as a sine qua non basis for conflict resolution in Zimbabwe. Here, consensus is described as a long-established form of compromise that ...
ABSTRACT Tuberculosis still remains one of the world’s deadliest curable disease. Emergence of HIV, multi-drug resistance (MDR), high prevalence of post-treatment tuberculosis are some of the major setbacks which now poses a major challenge to attainment of tuberculosis control programme targets of 70% detection of infectious tuberculosis and 80% cure rate of detected cases. Despite the availability of effective anti-tuberculosis and ant-retroviral (ART) drugs, high incidence rate of approx...
ABSTRACT The main objective of this study is to examine the growth patterns of Ghanaian towns in terms of population size and to investigate the plausible reasons for an increase or decrease in the number of people living in the towns at a particular point in time. For a meaningful study, selection is made of all towns in the country with population of 10,000 or more by the 2000 Population and Housing Census Reports of Ghana. The study found out that, internal migration in Ghana flows in all...
ABSTRACT It is the right of every child to get an identity and nationality. Birth registration involves documentation of a child’s birth in the civil register by the government authority and it is the first legal document of a child. It provides vital information that facilitates planning and development in a country. In Ghana, about 50% of children under five are registered. In recent years, maternal education is said to be influencing birth registration. Specifically, it is proposed tha...
ABSTRACT When a woman is faced with an unintended pregnancy the onus lies on her to either carry the pregnancy to term or terminate it, and in the developing world the majority of these are terminated unsafely. The problem of induced abortion can further be exacerbated when they become repeated. Women who have previous records of induced abortion stand a greater risk of resorting to it again when the need arises. It is therefore necessary to note the factors that serve as contributors to the...
ABSTRACT This study set out to examine the determinants of infant mortality in Tanzania. Data from the Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey (TDHS), 2010 were used. A total number of 2,976 children who were born to women aged 15-49 years during the period of one year preceding the survey were involved during the study. The specific objectives of this study were; to describe the mothers‘ background characteristics, to establish the relationship between mothers‘ background variables and i...
ABSTRACT Globally, about 7.7 million children under five years died in 2010. In Ghana, the under-five mortality rate is estimated at 72 deaths per 1000 live births in 2012 according to UNICEF. Although there has been a decline in under-five mortality in Ghana, substantial progress is required to achieve the Millennium Development Goal 4 by reducing child mortality by 2015. Several interventions have been put in place to ensure child survival. The study aimed at examining the relationship bet...
ABSTRACT For women of childbearing age, the major challenge is the risk of maternal death as a result of poor health during pregnancy and childbirth. Women face this challenge because of their reproductive biology, and in a country with one of the world’s highest maternal mortality ratio the dangers are particularly pronounced especially in rural areas. Deprivations and certain social-cultural factors combine to create poor health for women in developing countries and most especially in ru...
ABSTRACT Background: Stroke has been named as one of the public health priorities in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) because of its impact on mortality, morbidity and quality of life. Despite this, there is limited population-based information on prevalence and correlates of stroke, and there is limited information on knowledge and experience of stroke from the perspectives of the stroke survivors and their caregivers in SSA. Objectives: This thesis examined the prevalence, correlates, knowledge and...
ABSTRACT Divorce is becoming a major developmental issue in modern society because of its high rate of increase in recent years. While the phenomenon has gained much attention in research in the developed world, less is known in the developing world especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. Meanwhile works have shown that through the processes of modernization and globalization, Sub-Saharan Africa including Ghana is beginning to experience the same family changes caused by divorce in the developed wo...
ABSTRACT Infant mortality rates in less developed countries are still high. Over the years in Ghana, successive governments have implemented policies and programs that have resulted in a decline in the infant mortality rate, especially in the rural areas. This study examined the factors associated with infant death among rural residents of Ghana, using data from the last four rounds (1998, 2003, 2008 and 2014) of the Ghana Demographic and Health Survey (GDHS). A comparative method was used, p...
ABSTRACT Though several studies have shown an association between mobility and risky sexual behaviour, these studies did not distinguish between mobile and migrant population. However, the tendency for a mobile person to engage in risky sexual behaviour differs from that of a migrant because of the frequency of movement and the short duration of stay of a mobile person. This study therefore examined the relationship between mobility and risky sexual behaviour in Ghana using the 2014 Ghana Dem...
ABSTRACT Chronic non-communicable diseases pose a challenge to the achievement of developmental goals in low-income and middle-income countries. Over 9 million of all deaths associated with CNCDs occur among the economically active age group (WHO, 2011). Persons living with chronic disease(s) are confronted with psychosocial problems (de-Graft Aikins et al 2010). The study used the 2011 EDULUNK and qualitative data gathered by the RIPS-NYU project, to explore the prevalence of CNCDs in the ur...
ABSTRACT Safe drinking water is a basic need for good health as well as for human and economic development. Diarrhoea kills more than HIV and AIDS, and malaria combined. Diarrhoea kills about two million people especially children under five each year. The study investigates the relationship between source of household drinking water and diarrhoea incidence among children under five years in Ghana. A sample of 2,728 women who had given birth in the last five years preceding the survey was dra...
ABSTRACT There is increased exposure of people and critical livelihood assets to flooding globally due to climate change and modification of the biophysical system through human activities. Flooding has become an annual phenomenon in Accra in recent decades and has severe impacts on the poor and vulnerable. Using transdisciplinary techniques across the social and biophysical sciences, this study examined the extent of exposure of urban population to flooding, and the assets and structures tha...