Research Papers/Topics in Electrical Electronics Engineering

Design And Fabrication Of Aperture Coupled Microstrip Patch Antennas With Arbitrarily Shaped Apertures

ABSTRACT A linearly-polarized aperture coupled microstrip antenna design is characterized and optimized using FEKO antenna simulation software. One of the major drawbacks of these microstrip antennas is their narrow bandwidth. Aperture coupled being one of the feeding technique has proven to be a solution to this problem. In this research a patch antenna that is coupled to a microstrip-line by an aperture in the intervening ground plane has been designed and fabricated and implemented. The sh...

Characterization Of Cdxse1-Xs/Pbs Thin Films Deposited By Chemical Bath Deposition For P-N Junction Solar Cell Application

ABSTRACT The CdS and PbS are of great research interest due to their outstanding electronics and optical properties such as winder energy band gap phase and good antireflective properties respectively. CdS has been earlier doped by Zn and used as a window layer combined with PbS as the absorber material using the CBD method. It realised an efficiency of 0.9. It is for this reason in my research, I doped CdS with Se in the fabrication of CdxSe1-xS/PbS PN junction for solar cell application to...

Optical And Electrical Analysis Of Cd1-Xfexs/Cus P-N Junction For Solar Cell Application

ABSTRACT The rapid population growth in Kenya and the world in general has led to very high energy demands; this has necessitated urgent exploration of other alternative energy sources. Solar energy is one such alternative that has not been fully utilised hence many researchers have developed much interest in them. Solar cells absorb light from the sun and convert it in to useful electrical energy however the challenge has been how to harness it as well as the very low efficiencies recorded b...

System Sizing Of Solar Energy Requirement For An “All-Direct Current” Stand-Alone Telecommunication System

ABSTRACT Solar photovoltaic (PV) energy has been widely used for decades especially where connection to a national grid is seldom possible and other sources such as fossil fuel and others are either unavailable or uneconomical. Solar PV energy owing to its free, natural availability and environmental friendliness has found demand for use in industries, homes and institutions. However, very little research has been carried out to precisely establish its effectiveness, reliability and adequacy....

Design And Analysis Of Microstrip Antenna For 2.4 Ghz Applications

ABSTRACT Communication systems require development of low cost, low profile and minimal weight. Microstrip antennas (MSA) are capable of maintaining high performance over a wide spectrum. Technological trends have focused much effort on the design of the microstrip patch antennas. In this study, square, circular and rectangular patches were designed and analyzed using two different substrates. High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) software was used to simulate, model and analyze the MSAs....

Analysis Of Microstrip Antenna Using Arbitrarily Shaped Patches Having Similar Surface Area

ABSTRACT Microstrip patch antenna(MSA) has become very vital in communication system due to its attractive features such as its light weight, small size, low cost, low profile, ease of installation and its conformability to planar and non planar surfaces, when a particular mode and shape is selected. MSA are versatile in terms of resonant frequency, impedance, polarization and electromagnetic wave pattern. However, MSA have been found to suffer from relatively narrow bandwidths. The consumers...

Design And Fabrication Of An Electronic System For Monitoring And Controlling Temperature, Light Illuminance And Humidity In A Greenhouse

ABSTRACT Climate uncertainties pose a challenge to the production of food to feed the growing billions on the globe. Climatic conditions can change abruptly ruining farming efforts and leading to food shortages. Greenhouses attempt to solve this problem by enclosing crops in a climatically controlled environment. Crop production in greenhouse environment has the advantage of obtaining reliable and continuous output throughout the year. Each greenhouse has distinct characteristics. Data on the...

Design And Fabrication Of A Greenhouse Monitoring And Control System Based On Global System For Mobile Communication And Bluetooth

ABSTRACT Greenhouse technology should be embraced as a way of minimizing food insecurity in Kenya. The insecurity is brought about by climate uncertainties. Greenhouses have attempted to solve this problem by enclosing crops in a climatically controlled environment. Each greenhouse has distinct parameters. Data on these parameters need to be collected at regular intervals. Depending on the type of crop, these parameters need to be controlled within the specified limits to achieve the maximum...

Design And Construction Of A Microcontroller-Based Human Audio Noise Monitoring And Control System

ABSTRACT Audio noise monitoring and control has been a subject of research for several decades. Researchers have developed audio noise monitoring systems which rely on computers, internet and mobile telephone services which are costly and bulky and whose output is not easy to associate with any medical or psychological effects of noise. Active noise control has been explored using digital signal processors and field programmable gate arrays which are more costly than microcontrollers. Complex...

Optical And Electrical Characterization Of Cdxni1-Xs And Sb2S3 Thin Films For Photovoltaic Application

ABSTRACT The demand for silicon in microelectronics has put a lot of strain on the availability and eventually high prices for silicon type of solar cells. In this work, nickel doped cadmium sulphide (CdxNi1−x S) was investigated. This material was used as a window layer, combined with antimony sulphide (Sb2S3) as an absorber layer in fabricating glass/ SnO2: F/CdxNi1−x S /Sb2S3 /C-Ag p-n junction solar cell. Thin films of CdX Ni1−XS (CdS: Ni) and Sb2S3 were prepared by CBD method on or...

Design And Fabrication Of A Computer-Based Fingerprint Security System For Restricted Access Control

ABSTRACT The access to a restricted area within a premise is normally done through a manual system of keys and locks. This has been automated through the use of personal identification number (PIN) or passwords and smartcard technology. However, such systems are faced with a number of limitations such as losing a smartcard, forgetting a PIN, duplication of keys and impersonation. Thus, the use of an authentication system such as biometric verification techniques has become an effective altern...

Design And Simulation Of A Finite State Machine Suitable For Micro-Code Execution

ABSTRACT Digital processors are built from very large scale integration circuits and the software to design them is only available to the manufacturers themselves. There is a need to design a central processing unit using large, medium and small scale integration circuits which can be used as a teaching aid in computer architecture and design. In this thesis a simulation model of a digital processor is designed using arithmetic logic unit, control unit and registers as building blocks with th...

Synthesis And Characterization Of Niobium Pentoxide Thin Films Prepared By Spray Pyrolysis Technique For Dye Sensitized Solar Cell Application

ABSTRACT There is a rapid increase in demand for energy worldwide and one of the most promising approaches to resolve this crisis is through use of photovoltaic technologies. Dye sensitized solar cells (DSSC) are attractive candidates in this regard. This is because the materials they use are of low cost and non-toxic. Niobium pentoxide (Nb2O5) thin films have been stable as photo anode for DSSC. Methods that are used to deposit niobium pentoxide thin films include hydrothermal method, solgel...

Characterization Of Snxsey-Zno:Al P-N Junction For Solar Cell Applications

ABSTRACT Thin film semiconductors of SnxSey and aluminum doped ZnO are potential candidates for the development of future generation improved efficiency and low cost solar cell devices. This is due to their high absorption co-efficient and good optical properties in the visible region of the solar spectrum. Optical characterization of the two thin films under varied composition and deposition conditions was done by optimizing them for an improved solar cell. Deposition of both SnxSey and ZnO:...

Design And Fabrication Of A Microcontroller Based Carbon Monoxide Monitoring And Mapping System Using Gps Technology

ABSTRACT Air pollution is a major factor of consideration in the evaluation of quality of life and as an environmental issue in urban areas. Among the urban air pollutants, carbon monoxide (CO) is one of the most prevalent and having serious health as well as environmental effects. The availability of accurate information about its concentrations, variations and location is vital in the determination of urban air pollution. A number of devices for carbon monoxide monitoring have been designed...


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