Research Papers/Topics in Virology

Comparative Study Of Hepatitis B And Hepatitis C Viruses Among Hiv-1 Infected Intravenous Drug Users And Non-Users In Mombasa County

ABSTRACT  HIV/AIDS is a debilitating disease associated with high mortality and morbidity globally. In Kenya, it is the major cause of mortality across all gender and age groups, in effect, putting a huge demand on the healthcare system and the economy. The HIV 1 positive population faces major challenges such as the drug resistance, severe hepatic coupled with immunological deficiencies and toxicity. The problems are aggravated by co-infection with blood borne diseases, varied responses to ...

Comparative Study Of Hepatitis B And Hepatitis C Viruses Among Hiv-1 Infected Intravenous Drug Users And Non-Users In Mombasa County

ABSTRACT HIV/AIDS is a debilitating disease associated with high mortality and morbidity globally. In Kenya, it is the major cause of mortality across all gender and age groups, in effect, putting a huge demand on the healthcare system and the economy. The HIV 1 positive population faces major challenges such as the drug resistance, severe hepatic coupled with immunological deficiencies and toxicity. The problems are aggravated by co-infection with blood borne diseases, varied responses to th...

High Rate of non-detectable HIV-1 RnA Among Antiretroviral Drug naive HIV positive Individuals in nigeria

Abstract Plasma HIV-1 RNA concentration, or viral load, is an indication of the magnitude of virus replication and largely correlates with disease progression in an infected person. It is a very useful guide for initiation of therapy and monitoring of response to antiretroviral drugs. Although the majority of patients who are not on antiretroviral therapy (ART) have a high viral load, a small proportion of ART naive patients are known to maintain low levels or even undetectable viral load lev...

Hepatitis E Virus Infection in HIV Positive ART Naïve and Experienced Individuals in Nigeria

ABSTRACT Background: Studies have shown Hepatitis E Virus to be a causative agent of acute and chronic hepatitis in severely immunocompromised patients such as organ transplant recipients and person with HIV infection. This study was de- signed to determine the burden of HEV infection among HIV positive individuals in Nigeria and the effect of HIV treatment on the burden of HEV infection among this group of patients. Methods: Aliquot of plasma samples collected for laboratory investigations...

HW-1 Drug Resistant Mutations In Chronically Infected -Treatment Naive Individuals in The Pre-ARV Era in Nigeria

Abstract In Nigeria the Federal Government rolled out antiretroviral drugs for the management of HW infection in year 2002. This study was carried out to determine the circulating antiviral drug mutations amrmg ARV naive patients with chronic HIV infection durillg the pre-ARV roll out era in &e country. DNA was extracted from scored whole blood samples collected from 75 HlV positive patients attending the Medical outpatient clinic between December 19% and November 2001. The Reverse mscriptas...

Impact Of Long-Acting Contraceptives On Female Genital Tract Cytokine Profiles In A Randomised Controlled Trial Nina Radzey (Rdznin001)

List of abbreviations ......................................................................................................................................... 5 List of figures ................................................................................................................................................... 7 List of tables .................................................................................................................................................... 7 Sum...

Evaluation Of Safety And Immunogenicity Of Rift Valley Fever Vaccines Mp-12 And Armp-12δnsm21/384 In Sheep, Goats And Calves Administered Intradermally

ABSTRACT Rift valley fever (RVF) is a zoonotic disease caused by Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) with impact on animal and human health. Vaccines developed against RVF have safety and efficacy concerns and administered by needles posing risks of RVFV transmission. This study reports the safety and immunogenicity of attenuated RVF MP-12 and its recombinant arMP-12ΔNSm21/384 vaccines. A total of 32 sheep, 15 goats and 23 zebu calves were vaccinated with 1x105 plaque forming units (PFU)/ml of M...

Evaluation Of The Safety And Immunogenicity Of Rift Valley Fever Mp-12 And Armp-12∆Nsm21/384 Vaccine Candidates In Goats (Capra Hircus), Sheep (Ovis Aries) And Calves (Bos Indicus) From Tanza

ABSTRACT Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is an arbovirus that causes Rift Valley fever (RVF), a disease that causes morbidity and mortality in livestock and humans. Among the measures considered, vaccines are the most effective control strategy against this RVF disease. While we have available vaccines, effective vaccines and better routes of vaccination are needed to prevent RVF among livestock and humans. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of a li...

Multiple Presence and Heterogeneous Distribution of HIV- I Subtypes in Nigeria

Multiple Presence and Heterogeneous Distribution of HIV- I Subtypes in Nigeria

Sero-Prevalence Of Hepatitis C Virus Amoung Patients Attending Std Clinic In Hbadan, Nigerla

ABSTRACT Xn the tropics, hepatitis C virus (BCV) seroprevalence ranges from < 0.2% in whole Africa. A strong association between HCV and hepatitis B surface antigen (jPBPIsAg)-negative chronic liver disease and hepatocellulax carcinoma has been described. Hepatocellular carcinoma (IYCC) 8s one of the mort common cancers among Africans, and in Nigeria by 1970 the'estimated rate was 6.6 per 1Q0,QOO populations per asmum. Sexual tnmsmirsion was regarded as a minor cause of HCV, the degree of whi...

Human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 infection in some rural areas of Nigeria

~bstretT. kp revaiurec ofh umah imrmmodt~ieirncyv irtlo ryp 1 d 2 in -1 arcas of Niiaia was estbled using 1089 ma colkacd in I8 kwhs &om 1992 to mrly 1 554. llx saa wmte sted with Enzyme linked Imm~enAtss ay @LISA) and cahntd by Westun hmrmob~BgE ehniquc. Overall, 13 (13%) of ibt 1089 &ra war positive for adi00 I W:I d m-2. Prwalenec of 0.6% md 0.8% wm obtained f& HIV-1 and HIY-2 mpcrhly. Tbc hjgk~ peevabo f HfV-1 and HTV-2 (50.Wh)w ere fdin Z uhlrma and Umubum A #mgmaleaet or 12%w as oblaiae...

Hepatitis Band C Viral Markers In Patietns With Sickle Cell Disease In Ibadan, Nigeria

Summary Serum samples from 180 Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) patients attending Medical Out patients (MOP) clinic of the Department ofHaematology, UCH, lbadan, Nigeria were tested for the presence of HbsAg and anti-HCV in their blood samples. The result showed that HBV infection was slightly higher (not significant) than HCV infection among SCD patients (p>O.05). In addition, the result showed that the mean number of transfusion was higher among patients who were sero-positive for both HbsAg (5.0...

Pattern of HIV-1 Drug Resistance among Adults on ART in Nigeria

ABSTRACT Background: The development of anitiretroviral drug resistance may limit the benefit of antiretroviral therapy. Therefore the need to closely monitor these mutations, especially the use of ART is increasing. This study was therefore designed to determine the ARV drug resistance pattern among ART naïve and expose individuals attending a PEPFAR supported by antiretroviral clinic in Nigeria. Methodology: The study participants included patients attending the PEPFAR supported by Unive...


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