ABSTRACT The study was designed to formulate sorghum-soybean composite supplementary foods and investigate the effect of extrusion on nutritional value and tannin content. The products were extruded and analysed for nutritional value, tannin content, urease activity, sensory and anti-oxidant activity. Results showed that, the extruded composite products had good nutritional value and conformed to the requirements for supplementary foods for older infants and young children. Nutritional compo...
ABSTRACT Participatory Action Research approach was used in this study involving organic spice farmers from Tawa Ward within Morogoro region, researchers from Sokoine University of Agriculture and Sustainable Agriculture Tanzania organization. Harvesting and postharvest handling practices by clove and black pepper organic farmers in Tawa Ward were assessed. Five villages were visited, 107 organic farmers were interviewed, 34 among them inspected and provided samples for analysis. Fungal qua...
EXTENDED ABSTRACT Lake Victoria is an important freshwater resource in Tanzania and its neighbouringcountries namely Uganda, Kenya, Rwanda, Burundi and the Democratic Republic of Congo(DRC). Millions of people dotted around the lake depend on it as a major source of household and industrial water supply, irrigation, transport and provide for fishing as the main source of animal-derived protein as well as income. In Tanzania, the lake provides employment opportunities to more than four mill...
ABSTRACT This study was done in Tanzania and Mozambique to assess the effect of cassava and cowpea flours singly and in combination in bread making and the degree of acceptability of the bread. Five to 20% cassava and 5 to 30% cowpea were used as wheat flour diluents. As the number of diluents increased, the loaf volume decreased. The bread size ranged from 560 ml for 30% cowpea bread to 890 ml for 100% wheat bread and from 420 to 620 ml for the pan bread, the highest value being for whole w...
ABSTRACT Cereal grain losses are high in sub-Saharan Africa countries, Tanzania inclusive. Information on protection of these losses is mainly reported for maize and other cereals but it is limited on bean, particularly for Kilosa district. This study was carried in Kilosa district, where by two wards (Malolo and Lumuma) were used to establish effective storage technology for bean storage and measure the level of understanding on postharvest management. To measure effectiveness storage techn...
ABSTRACT Despite the Nile perch contributing about 67% of Kenya’s total annual fish export earnings, no specific method exists for evaluating the freshness of the fish when landed and its shelf life when kept in ice. Currently the European Union (EU) sensory scheme is used in sensory evaluation of all commercial fish species available in the Kenyan fishery. This study was conducted to develop a suitable Quality Index Method scheme, that is specific for the Nile perch, using a set of select...
ABSTRACT Human breast milk is universally recognized as the optimal food for term infants. Fatty acids play important roles in biological systems and the newborn’s fatty acid requirements are wholly met by the mothers’ breast milk. Although there have been many studies on fatty acid composition of human milk from Western countries and Africa, there is little information about that in the Kenyan population. This study was conducted to characterize and analyze quantitatively the fatty acid ...
ABSTRACT Spontaneously fermented milks are integral to human diets in many African communities. These products have found their way into the informal market posing a public health concern because their quality and safety is not ascertained. Consequently, there is need to isolate and identify microbial strains with superior fermentative qualities and attributes of health qualities as starter cultures to commercialize production as well as profile potential microbial hazards. The aim of this st...
ABSTRACT Studies have shown a decreased risk of atherosclerosis linked to the intake of fruits and vegetables rich in bioactive phytonutrients. This study investigated the effect of crude beet root betalains on low density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation induced by hypochlorous acid (HOCl). Crude betalains antioxidant potential was determined by use of 2, 2 – diphenyl - 1 – picrylhyrayl radical (DPPH assay) and was compared to lycopene and ascorbic acid. HOCl oxidizing ability and betalains a...
ABSTRACT A study was carried out to assess the safety of selected vegetables grown in urban areas, focusing on a case of heavy metals in Dar es salaam, Tanzania. The study investigated the concentration of three heavy metals, namely Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd) and Copper (Cu) in the edible portions of selected leafy vegetables, and the effect of blanching on the possible reduction of heavy metals concentration. The study also compared the levels of metal in selected matured leafy vegetables acro...
ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of drying methods and beheading of dried sardines on nutritional, microbial and sensory qualities. Fresh sardines from Lake Victoria were dried by three different solar drying methods (solar dryer, rack and ground). Dried sardine from each drying methods were divided in two portions (whole body and beheaded part). Analytical samples were analysed using AOAC and ISO standard methods for nutritional and microbial qualities. Both sa...
ABSTRACT Sardines in Tanzania are small pelagic fish eaten in a dried form mainly by the poor and middle-income groups. The main objective of this research was to assess the influence of postharvest handling of sardines from Lake Victoria and its effects on the quality and sensory attributes of the final product. Cross-sectional and factorial designs were used to collect data for field survey and laboratory analyses, respectively. Ninety three respondents were involved in the survey to asses...
EXTENDED ABSTRACT The natural occurrence of aflatoxins and fumonisins in maize and beans at harvest, during storage and along the value chain, including processed, feed and marketed products in three villages of Long, Sabilo and Seloto in Babati District, Manyara region, Tanzania, was investigated in the year 2013/14. The villages were chosen as they represents three different climatic zone. Total aflatoxins and fumonisins contamination in 440 at harvest maize samples had levels up to 26.2 �...
ABSTRACT Compliance by street fruit salad and juice vendors with national food safety and quality requirements was evaluated. Evaluation was based on good manufacturing practices (GMP), good hygienic practices (GHP), selected heavy metals, physicochemical properties and microbiological quality parameters. Compliance by street vendors was also compared to vendors in university cafeterias and town restaurants. Among the fruit salad and fruit juice vendors, 71.4% and 54.3%, respectively, had no ...
ABSTRACT Post-harvest management during handling and storage of maize are crucial for ensuring food security. This study was carried out to assess farmers handling practices and effectiveness of different post-harvest technologies of maize in Kilosa district. A household survey on farmers handling practices and post-harvest technologies used by the farmers to store maize was conducted in Mabwerebwere and Ulaya wards of Kilosa district. The study recorded farmers habits on maize handling pract...