Research Papers/Topics in Industrial Chemistry
An Overview of Polymers Used in Paint and Surface Coatings Application
An investigation was carried out to identify the different types of polymers used in paint and surface coatings and variations of the final products upon modifications of the materials used. The process of manufacturing paint and surface coatings involves a great deal of understanding various molecular behavior of paint and surface coatings polymeric matrix. These advance knowledge helps in developing new and advanced modifications of the super polymers. Every desire of a paint and surface co...
BIOCHEMICAL ROLE OF VITAMIN A IN VISION
1.0 INTRODUCTION Vitamin A is a group of unsaturated nutritional organic compounds that includes retinol, retinal, retinoic acid, and several provitamin A carotenoids (most notably beta-carotene). Vitamin A has multiple functions: it is important for growth and development, for the maintenance of the immune system and good vision (Fennema, 2018). Vitamin A is needed by the retina of the eye in the form of retinal, which combines with protein opsin to form rhodopsin, the...
THE ISOLATION OF GUM FROM DELONIX REGIA, ITS MODIFICATION USING BORAX (DISODIUMTETRABORATE DECAHYDRATE) AND ITS CHARACTERIZATION
Delonix regia popularly known as the flamboyant plant because of its onyx attractive color has been generally cultivated in the tropics. Although it was widely cultivated in the 19th century, yet the native habitat of the flamboyant tree was unknown until the 1930s, when it was retraced to native growing in the wild in Madagascar. The uses of Delonix regia as binders in drugs, adhesives, stabilizers, etc. have been some of its numerous applications in the field of science and biomedicine and ...
EXTRACTION AND ISOLATION OF ALKALOIDS FROM ASYSTASIA GANGETICA (CHINESE VIOLET)
ABSTRACT Alkaloids are bioactive material mainly obtained from plant with pharmacological activities of one kind or another. The main aim of the present study was to extract and isolate alkaloid from Asystasia gangetica. The extraction of alkaloids from Asystasia gangetica was carried out with methanol using Soxhlet apparatus. Isolation was then followed by fractionating using acid and base in a separating funnel. The percentage alkaloid was determined and the phytochemicals screening ...
Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons(PAHs) in Soils of Selected Farmland Cleared By Bush Burning
ABSTRACTPolycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons are some of the known organic pollutants resulting from incomplete combustion of organic matter. They have been found to be carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic. Much of the previous works on Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons have been on foods, water, dumpsites and on soil generally. However, this study focuses particularly on soils contaminated with Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons as a result of a widely used agricultural practice of farmland clea...
SORPTION PROPERTIES OF HYDROLYZED STARCH GRAFT COPOLYMERS IN THE REMOVAL OF CADMIUM (II) AND COPPER (II) IONS FROM AQUEOUS MEDIA
Sorption properties of hydrolyzed starch graft poly (acrylic acid) andstarch graft poly(acrylonitrile) copolymers as sorbents for the removal ofCd (II) and Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution in batch process wereassessed. The copolymers were prepared using methods as reported inliterature and were characterized in terms of morphology using scanningelectron microscopy, confirmation of sorbents produced using Fouriertransform infrared spectroscopy and thermal stability usingthermogravimetric ana...
Assessment of the Effect of Hydrolysed Starch Graft CopolymersApplication on Soil Nutrient (Phosphorus and Nitrogen) Retention
The effects of the application of the graft copolymers (Hydrolyzed starch-g-polyacrylonitrile (HSPAN) andHydrolyzed starch-g-polyacrylic acid (HSPAA)) on the nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) retention capacity of soil wasevaluated in this study. Soil nutrient (N and P) retention capacity tests was carried out at three graft copolymersapplication rates (3.0, 6.0, and 9.0g/kg soil) against a blank soil sample to which graft copolymers was not applied.Diammonium phosphate (DAP) at 0, 100, and 200...
Response Surface Methodology for the Competitive Sorption of Metal ions from Aqueous Medium using Starch-Graft-Copolymer
The competitive sorption of Cu (II), Pb (II) and Cd (II) by graft copolymer of cassava starch and acrylic acid was investigated using the response surface methodology. Optimization of the medium conditions was studied through experimental design. Response surface methodology including central composite design was successfully applied to develop a response surface to optimize the medium conditions. The most influential medium parameters were determined as initial concentration, contact time an...
Equilibrium, Kinetic and Thermodynamic Studies Of Lead (II) Sorption on Hydrolyzed Starch Graft Copolymers
Hydrolyzed starch graft poly (acrylic acid) andstarch graft poly(acrylonitrile) copolymers were used as asorbents for the removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solution inbatch process. The sorbents were characterized by scanningelectron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopyand thermogravimetric analysis. The effect of contacttime, initial concentration and temperature were assessed tooptimize the conditions for maximum sorption of the metalions. The experimental data were analyzed by ...
COMPETITIVE SORPTION OF Cd (II), Pb (II) AND Cu (II) IONS ON HYDROLYZED STARCH GRAFT COPOLYMERS
Hydrolyzed starch graft copolymers of acrylic acid and acrylonitrile were used as a sorbents for the competitive removal of Pb (II), Cd (II) and Cu (II) ions from aqueous solution in batch process. The sorbents were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, wide-angle x-ray diffractometer and thermogravimetric analysis. The equilibrium sorption properties were assessed to optimize the conditions for maximum competitive sorption of the metal ions. ...
Effects of Snail Shell as Filler on the Mechanical Properties of Terephthalic Unsaturated Polyester Resin
The mechanical properties of snail shell reinforced unsaturated polyester composite was assessed in this study. Ground snail shells of particle size 65μm were introduced at different percentages into the unsaturated polyester resin. The powdered shells were characterized using FTIR to determine the functional groups present. The tensile test was performed using an Instron universal testing machine operated at a cross head speed of 10mm/min. The tensile test specimen preparation and testing p...
EFFECTS OF POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL AS ALTERNATIVE ACTIVATOR IN A BAMBOO FIBRE FILLED NATURAL RUBBER COMPOSITE
There is a growing interest in the research community of the possibility of reducing or totalelimination of zinc oxide (ZnO) as activator in rubber compounds. This study therefore is anattempt in that direction to study the effect of polyethylene glycol (PEG) as an alternativeactivator in rubber compounds. Various levels of polyethylene glycol (0,2,3,4,5,6 phr) and zincoxide (as reference) were compounded with 100phr of natural rubber and other compoundingadditives. The effects of both polyet...
EVALUATION OF THE CONCENTRATION OF SOME METALS (Pb,Zn,Mg,Fe) IN DIETARY RED PALM OIL PRODUCED IN SOME LGA IN ABIA STATE
Palm oil has been part of human diet for more than 5000 years. Nigeria is currently the fifth world’s leading producer of palm oil (Nnorom, 2012). The palm oil industry is a major agro based enterprise in Nigeria especially in the southern part where palm oil trees are found both in the wild land plantations (Nwaugo et al., 2008). For generations, it has been revered as both a nutritious food and a valuable medicine. However, care should be taken to evaluate the purity and safety of this nu...
Petroleum Drilling And Its Environmental Impact In Nigeria
INTRODUCTIONFORMATION OF PETROLEUMPETROLEUM DRILLINGENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF PETROLEUMRECOMENDATIONCONCLUSION
Protein
Protein is an essential nutritional supplement of food that contain may elements of Amino acid CHAPTER ONE1.1 INTRODUCTIONMilk is one of the most nutritious foods. It is rich in high quality protein providing all tenessential amino acids. It contributes to total daily energy intake, as well as essential fatty acids,immunoglobulins, and other micronutrients. Cow’s milk is the predominant type in se...