Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) has become increasingly popular in the last few decades due to its very rich mathematical structure and therefore forming the theoretical basis for use in a wide range of real-life applications such as in speech and image recognition, motion analysis in videos, bio-informatics among others. However, an effective optimization of the parameters of these Models for enhanced performance has remained computationally challenging and there is no generally agreed method th...
In this thesis, a number of solutions are proposed to enhancing and improving the security and confidentiality of Cloud Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Data. Firstly, the Asmuth-Bloom, Blakley, Mignote and other Secret Sharing Schemes (SSS) are reviewed, adopted and modified in order to present a relatively improved secret sharing scheme. Conditions for the scheme is also presented as well as algorithms for implementation of the scheme presented by this research. Secondly, a hybrid of two ...
The no-slip boundary condition at a solid-liquid interface is primarily to understanding fluid mechanics. However, this condition is an assumption that cannot be derived from first principles and could, in theory, be violated. In this work, we investigate numerically and theoretically the subject involving partial slip boundary conditions. The physical imagery that emerges is that of a complex behaviour at an unsteady hydromagnetic stretching solid interface, with stagnation point flow involv...
In this thesis, the notion of quasiconvex functions on time scales and some properties are established. The subdifferential for quasiconvex function on time scales is presented as well as some properties regarding quasiconvex function. Some Jensen’s inequalities for quasiconvex functions on time scales are also given with some applications. The study again proves that Jensen’s inequality holds for quasiconcave monetary utility function in conjunction with convex, concave, quasiconvex and ...
Unsteady heat and mass transfers are important transport phenomena that are found in many engineering and industrial applications. In such systems, the variations in the fluid flow result in variations in the heat flux for fluid-solid temperature difference. In this study, analytical and theoretical investigations of some non-linear problems arising from unsteady heat and mass transfer through porous media are considered. Analytical models are developed. These are non-linear mathematical mode...
There is high demand by content providers of multimedia services such as Pay-TV News, Pay-per-View (PPV) video and Video-on-Demand (VoD) to expand their customer based through advertisement. However, the threats of unauthorized access, reproduction and re-distribution of the high quality product by illegal users’ remains high thereby affecting the returns of the content providers/producers. In this regard, perceptual video cryptosystems have become a highly active research area; developing ...
Abstract This study set out to examine and map the spatial variation of infant mortality in Kenya. We used data from Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) database to explore spatial variation. Generalized linear mixed inodel(GLMM) with Enumeration Areas (EA) specific random effects was used to assess the effects of geographical heterogeneity and other covariates. The model based Geostatistical methods were used to quantify the spatial variations of the observations using the variograms and fi...
Abstract This study investigates the impact of debt on economic performance in Kenya, focusing on both internal and external debt. Using regression analysis and correlation techniques, data from 2000 to 2021 was analyzed to understand the relationship between debt levels and economic growth indicators such as GDP. The findings reveal a nuanced relationship: while internal debt shows a positive association with economic growth, external debt demonstrates a negative association. Effective debt...
Abstract This study was to investigates the dynamics of inflation in Kenya through the application of advanced time series modeling techniques, specifically Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) analysis. Inflation is a critical economic indicator that directly influences monetary policy, investment decisions, and overall economic stability. Given the dynamic of inflation in emerging economies such as Kenya, a fine understanding of its patterns and the ability to make accurate for...
Abstract/Overview We present norm inequalities for positive elementary operators via Cauchy-Schwarz inequality and Minkowskis inequality techniques. Norm inequalities are presented in Euclidean algebras linked to Minkowski’s light cones. Lastly, we explore the applications in quantum theory particularly in entanglement of states.
Abstract/Overview Let H be an infinite dimensional complex Hilbert space and B(H) the algebra of all bounded linear operators on H. We establish norm-attainability of operators via projective tensor norm. Moreover, we give results on the convergence of norm-attainable operators.
Abstract The relationship between government revenue and economic growth is a debate that has existed for a long time in the living history.Government revenue impacts economic growth differently within different regions. Some researchers argue that government revenue positively affects economic growth while others argue that the relationship is negative. However, minimal literature exists exploring the relationship between the two variables at country specific level. The objective of this st...
Abstract Rainfall patterns play a critical role in shaping various aspects of our lives. Understanding the patterns, trends and predictability of rainfall is essential for effective planning and decision making in various aspects including agriculture, water resource management, disaster preparedness and social economic planning. In agricultural activities crops require specific amount of water at the right time for growth. By understanding the rainfall patterns, farmers can adapt their farm...
Abstract The characterization of the group of units of any commutative ring has not been done in general, and previous studies have restricted the classes of rings or groups under consideration. In this work, we determine the structures of the groups of units of commutative completely primary finite rings R of characteristic pn for some prime integer p and positive integer n.
Abstract Let R be a completely primary finite ring and J be its Jacobson radical. A class of such rings in which J4 = (0), J3 = (0) has been constructed. Moreover, the structures of their groups of units have been determined for all the characteristics of R. Mathematcs Subject Classification: Primary 13M05, 16P10, 16U60; Secondary 13E10, 16N20