Abstract:
The Horn of Africa is one of Africa's most unstable and conflict-ridden areas. The recent political histories of the states in the Horn of Africa have been affected by long periods of authoritarian rule and political strife caused by civil wars, inter-state conflict, coup attempts, insurgencies, ethnic conflict, and violent extremism. Ethiopia has historically played a significant role in the region's conflict resolution and peacekeeping efforts. Previous research has shown Ethiopia's desire to dominate and influence the Horn of Africa region. Ethiopia is a pivotal power in the Horn of Africa, but what role does it have on regional politics and what challenge; may limit it influence? Therefore, the current study assessed Ethiopia's power in the region, it role in promoting regional peace and stability in the Horn of Africa, and the challenge; faces to it power and influence. The study relied heavily on qualitative secondary data, which was supplemented by primary data gathered through in-depth interviews. The study made use of hegemonic stability theory and social constructivist theory to assess Ethiopia's role in promoting peace and stability in the Horn of Africa and its status as a regional hegemon. The study findings demonstrated that despite the recent domestic unrest. Ethiopia plays a vital role in the Horn of Africa and is essential for regional stability. The relative strength of its military and active participation in regional peace and security operations, as well as it capacity and commitment to confront terrorism, a Pan-Africanist legacy, and successful use of multilateral platforms, all contribute to this position. Although Ethiopia has long played a significant role in the Horn of Africa, it has not been without opposition from countries like Sudan. Somalia, and Eritrea. The robust economy of Ethiopia, some achievements in foreign policy and peacekeeping are proof of it ambition to play a hegemonic role in the Horn of Africa. Nonetheless, Ethiopia's turbulent political environment and damaged international image provide an unstable foundation for the creation of any hegemonic role. As a result, while Ethiopia has good qualifications for regional hegemonic status, it cannot be considered a `complete' hegemon because its capacity to function as a regional power is constrained by internal and external challenges. Ethiopia has yet to fully leverage its vast material and human resources to advance its hegemonic ambitions or justify such claims in the Horn of Africa region and the continent.
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