HIV/AIDS and the Livelihoods of Orphaned Children A Case Study of Kigumo Division In Murang' A South District In Kenya TABLE OF CONTENTS
DECLARATION ......................................................................................................................... i
APPROVAL ............................................................................................................................... ii
DEDICATION ........................................................................................................................... iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ......................................................................................................... iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................ v
LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................................... viii
CHAPTER ONE ......................................................................................................................... I
INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................... I
1.1 Background to the study ....................................................................................................... I
1.2 Statement of the Problem ...................................................................................................... 3
1.3 objectives of the study .......................................................................................................... 3
1.3.1 The general objective ......................................................................................................... 3
1.3.2 The specific objectives ....................................................................................................... 4
1.4 Research Questions ............................................................................................................... 4
1.5 Scope of the study ................................................................................................................. 4
1.5. I The theoretical scope ......................................................................................................... 4
1.5.2 The geographical scope ...................................................................................................... 4
1.5.3 Time scope ......................................................................................................................... 5
1.5 Significance of the Study ...................................................................................................... 5
CHAPTER TWO ........................................................................................................................ 6
LITERATURE REVIEW ........................................................................................................... 6
2.0 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 6
2. I The status of Orphaned children in Africa ........................................................................... 6
2.2. The situation analysis of orphans in Kenya ......................................................................... 7
2.3 HIV/ AIDS and the Rights of Children .................................................................................. 9
2.4 The Impact of HIV/AIDS on Orphaned Children ............................................................... 10
2.4.1 The Impact of HIV/AIDS on Education .......................................................................... 10
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2.4.2 Orphaned Children and Child Labour. ............................................................................. 11
2.4.3 Psychological Impact ....................................................................................................... 13
2.4.4 Nutrition Impact ............................................................................................................... 14
2.5 The Social Economic Suppo1i to Orphaned Children in Africa ......................................... 15
2.5.1 FamilyCare ...................................................................................................................... 15
2.5.2 Institutional Care .............................................................................................................. 16
CHAPTER THREE .................................................................................................................. 18
METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................................... 18
3.0 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 18
3. I Research Design .................................................................................................................. 18
3.2 Area and Population of Study ............................................................................................. 18
3.3 Sample size ......................................................................................................................... 19
3.3.1 Sample technique ............................................................................................................. 19
3.3.2 Sample procedure ............................................................................................................. 19
3.3.3 Ethical procedure ............................................................................................................. 20
3.4 Data Collection Methods and Instruments .......................................................................... 20
3.4.1 Questionnaire ................................................................................................................... 20
3.4.2 Focus Group Discussions ................................................................................................. 20
3.4.3 Documentary Review ....................................................................................................... 20
3 .5 Data Processing and Analysis ............................................................................................. 21
3.5.1 Editing .............................................................................................................................. 21
3.5.2 Coding .............................................................................................................................. 21
3.6 Data Analysis ...................................................................................................................... 21
3.6.1 Quantitative Data Analysis .............................................................................................. 21
3.6.2 Qualitative Data Analysis ................................................................................................ 22
3.7 Limitations of the study ...................................................................................................... 22
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CHAPTER FOUR ..................................................................................................................... 23
DATA ANALYSIS, INTERPRETATION AND DISCUSSION ............................................ 23
4.1 Social Demographic Characteristics ................................................................................... 24
4.1.1 Age ................................................................................................................................... 24
4.1.2 Marital Status ................................................................................................................... 24
4.1.3 Sex of the respondents ..................................................................................................... 25
4.1.4 Educational status ............................................................................................................ 26
4.2 The impact of HIV/AIDS on orphaned children in Kenya ................................................. 26
4.3 Strategies taken to help HIV/ AIDS affected orphaned children ......................................... 30
4.4 Survival strategies of orphaned children ............................................................................. 32
CHAPTER FIVE ...................................................................................................................... 34
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS ............................................... 34
5.0 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 34
5.1 Summary of the Study ........................................................................................................ 34
5.2 Conclusions ......................................................................................................................... 37
5.3 Recommendations ............................................................................................................... 37
REFERENCE ............................................................................................................................ 39
APPENDIX I ............................................................................................................................ 41
QUESTIONNAIRES ................................................................................................................ 41
CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background to the study The HIV/ AID is a pandemic as it affects people worldwide. The first recognized cases of AIDS occurred in the USA in the early 1980s. A number of gay men in New York and California suddenly began to develop rare opportunistic infections and cancers that seemed stubbornly resistant to any treatment. At this time, AIDS did not yet have a name, but it quickly became obvious that all the men were suffering from a common syndrome. Both national and international travel undoubtedly had a major role in the initial spread of HIV. In the US, international travel by young men making the most of the gay sexual revolution of the late 70s and early 80s would certainly have played a large part in taking the virus worldwide. In Africa, the virus would probably have been spread along truck routes and between towns and cities within the continent itself. However, it is quite conceivable that some of the early outbreaks in African nations were not started by Africans infected with the original virus at all, but by people visiting from overseas where the epidemic had also been growing. The problem of orphans can be traced years back to the beginning of life. The main cause being natural death. Since the number of deaths was low, the number of orphans was also low, posed no serious threat to the families and society in general. Most of deaths were caused by natural illness, accidents and age. According to statistics from the Ministry of health by 2002, estimated 4 million people were living with HIV/AIDS. After the first cases of AIDS were reported in the U.S.A in 1980, afew years later cases were discovered in Kenya around the coastal region. Adults and Children are becoming affected each day and by 20 IO it is anticipated that on addition of 45 million people will have become affected, where Sub Sahara Africa is the worst affected area in the World. During the last two decades in Kenya, the HIV/ AIDS epidemic has spread relentless affecting people in all walks of life and decimating the most productive and reproductive segment of population particularly women and men between the ages of 20 - 49 years.
WAMBUIWANYOIKE, L (2022). HIV/AIDS and the Livelihoods of Orphaned Children A Case Study of Kigumo Division In Murang' A South District In Kenya. Afribary. Retrieved from https://afribary.com/works/hiv-aids-and-the-livelihoods-of-orphaned-children-a-case-study-of-kigumo-division-in-murang-a-south-district-in-kenya
WAMBUIWANYOIKE, LUCY "HIV/AIDS and the Livelihoods of Orphaned Children A Case Study of Kigumo Division In Murang' A South District In Kenya" Afribary. Afribary, 19 Jul. 2022, https://afribary.com/works/hiv-aids-and-the-livelihoods-of-orphaned-children-a-case-study-of-kigumo-division-in-murang-a-south-district-in-kenya. Accessed 20 Apr. 2024.
WAMBUIWANYOIKE, LUCY . "HIV/AIDS and the Livelihoods of Orphaned Children A Case Study of Kigumo Division In Murang' A South District In Kenya". Afribary, Afribary, 19 Jul. 2022. Web. 20 Apr. 2024. < https://afribary.com/works/hiv-aids-and-the-livelihoods-of-orphaned-children-a-case-study-of-kigumo-division-in-murang-a-south-district-in-kenya >.
WAMBUIWANYOIKE, LUCY . "HIV/AIDS and the Livelihoods of Orphaned Children A Case Study of Kigumo Division In Murang' A South District In Kenya" Afribary (2022). Accessed April 20, 2024. https://afribary.com/works/hiv-aids-and-the-livelihoods-of-orphaned-children-a-case-study-of-kigumo-division-in-murang-a-south-district-in-kenya