SUBSTANCE ABUSE AND ITS IMPLICATION ON THE HEALTH OF ON-CAMPUS MALE STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALABAR, CALABAR CROSS RIVER STATE.

ABSTRACT

The study was designed to determine the health implications of substance abuse among the on-campus male students of the University of Calabar, Cross River State Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive survey design which comprises 320 on-campus male students of the University of Calabar. Simple random sampling technique was used to select the respondents. The instrument for data collection was a self developed validated structured questionnaire with reliability of 0.89. Data generated was subjected to descriptive statistics and analysed using Chi-square. The result indicates that the overall prevalence of drug uses was 43.8%. The prevalence of alcoholic beverage was found to be 26.3%, the prevalence of cigarette or weed use was 25.3% while that of aerosol sprays inhalation was 25.3%. The substances commonly abused by the students are beer/Guinness (18.1%), hot drinks (13.1%), Codeine (5.9%), Tramadol (4.38%) and Beneline (3.75%). Others are palm wine (6.9 %), locally brewed Gin (2.5 %), Cigarette (1.9), Marijuana (Weed) (1.3%), Cocaine (0.6%), Kola nut (1.6%) and Coffee (9.7%). A greater percentage of the respondents agreed they use these substances occasionally. The knowledge regarding the health implications of substance abuse was considerably high among the respondents.  Majority of the respondents knew that substance abuse can affect the physical, psychological and social health of the users. The result of this study also shows that there was significant difference (p < 0.05) between substance abuse and the health implications of the on-campus male students. The study has established prevalence and the health implications of substance abuse among the on-campus male students of the University of Calabar. It was recommendation amongst others that preventive health education should be intensified in schools to raise students’ awareness of the health implications of substance abuse.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE i

CERTIFICATIONii

DEDICATIONiii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSiv

ABSTRACTv

TABLE OF CONTENTSvi

LIST OF FIGURES                                                                                     vii

LIST OF TABLES viii

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

Background to the study 

Statement of problem

1.3 Purpose of study

1.4 Specific objectives

Research questions 

Research hypothesis 

1.7 Scope of the study 

1.8 Significance of the study 

1.9 Limitation of the study

1.10   Definition of terms 

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Conceptual review

2.1.1 Concept of substance abuse

2.1.2 Common drugs and pattern of use in Nigeria

2.1.3 Implications of substance abuse

2.1.3.1 The individual

2.1.3.2 The family

2.1.3.3 The society

2.1.4 Impact of drugs on Nigerian users and society

2.1.5 Treatment modalities of substance abuse

2.1.5.1 Psychological treatment

2.1.5.2 Medical treatment

2.2 Review of empirical studies

 2.2.1 Prevalence of substance abuse amongst students

2.2.3 Health implications and substance use among students

2.3. Theoretical Framework  

2.3.1 Public Health Model (PHM)

2.3.2 Application to the Study

CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODS

3.1 Research design

3.2 Research setting.

    3.3 Population of study

    3.4 Sample and sampling techniques

    3.5   Instruments for data collection

    3.5.1 Validity of instrument

   3.5.2 Reliability of instrument

   3.6 Method of data collection

   3.7 Ethical considerations 

   3.8 Data analysis

CHAPTER FOUR: PRESENTATION OF RESULTS

4.1. Socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents 

4.2 Results for the research questions

4.2.1 Research question one

4.2.1 Research question two

4.2.1 Research question three

4.3 Hypothesis Testing

CHAPTER FIVE: DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS, IMPLICATIONS, SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1 Discussion of Findings

5.1.1 Prevalence rate of substance use

5.1.2 Types of substances commonly abused by students

5.1.3 The health implications of substances abuse

5.1.4 The relationship between substance abuse and the health implications

5.2 Implications of the study to nursing 

5.3 Summary of the study

5.4. Conclusion

5.5 Recommendations

5.6 Suggestion for further study

REFERENCES

 APPENDICES