TABLE OF CONTENTS
DECLARATION ............................................................................................................................ ii
APPROVAL ..................................................................................................................................iii
ABSTRACT................................................................................................................................... iv
CHAPTER ONE............................................................................................................................. 1
INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................... 1
1.0 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 BACKGROUND ...................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 PATHOGENESIS OF ASCITES ............................................................................................. 1
1.2.1 Transudative Ascites.............................................................................................................. 1
1.2.2 Exudative Ascites................................................................................................................... 1
1.3 PROBLEM STATEMENT....................................................................................................... 2
1.4 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY................................................................................................ 2
1.4.1 General objective ................................................................................................................... 2
1.4.2 Specific objectives................................................................................................................. 2
1.5 RESEARCH QUESTIONS ...................................................................................................... 2
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY.......................................................................................... 2
1.6 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK............................................................................................. 3
CHAPTER TWO ............................................................................................................................ 4
LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................................................................... 4
2.1.0 CAUSES OF ASCITES......................................................................................................... 4
2.1.1Liver cirrhosis......................................................................................................................... 4
vi
1.2.2 Abdominal Tuberculosis........................................................................................................ 4
1.2.3 Schistosomiasis...................................................................................................................... 5
1.2.4Malignant Ascites ................................................................................................................... 5
1.2.5Cardiac Causes........................................................................................................................ 5
1.2.6 Nephrotic Syndrome .............................................................................................................. 6
1.2.7Chronic Kidney Disease ......................................................................................................... 7
1.2.8 Pancreatic Diseases................................................................................................................ 7
1.2.9 Mixed causes of ascites.......................................................................................................... 8
CHAPTER THREE: ....................................................................................................................... 9
CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY ....................................................................................... 9
3.1 Chapter overview...................................................................................................................... 9
3.2 Study Design............................................................................................................................. 9
3.3 Study Area ................................................................................................................................ 9
3.4 Population ................................................................................................................................. 9
3.5 Sampling ................................................................................................................................... 9
3.6 Selection Criteria .................................................................................................................... 10
3.6.1 Inclusion criteria .................................................................................................................. 10
3.6.2 Exclusion criteria ................................................................................................................. 10
3.7 Data collection tool................................................................................................................. 10
3.8 Data collection Procedure ....................................................................................................... 11
3.9 Data analysis........................................................................................................................... 11
vii
3.10 Data quality control............................................................................................................... 11
3.10.1 Validity .............................................................................................................................. 11
3.10.2 Reliability........................................................................................................................... 11
3.10.3 Ethical Consideration......................................................................................................... 11
CHAPTER FOUR......................................................................................................................... 12
RESULTS ..................................................................................................................................... 12
4.1 Socio-demographic characteristics of the study sample ......................................................... 12
4.3 General Physical signs upon examination .............................................................................. 14
CHAPTER FIVE .......................................................................................................................... 16
5.1 DISCUSSION......................................................................................................................... 16
5.2 Socio-demographic characteristics of adult patients with ascites........................................... 16
5.3 Clinical Characteristics of adult patients with ascites............................................................. 17
5.4. Causes of ascites.................................................................................................................... 17
5.6 CONCLUSION....................................................................................................................... 19
5.7 RECOMMENDATIONS........................................................................................................ 19
REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................. 20
APPENDICES .............................................................................................................................. 22
ABSTRACT Introduction: Ascites is a common cause of admission in Africa, especially among patients with liver cirrhosis, and schistosomal periportal fibrosis, both of which are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. However, other causes of ascites are also prevalent in Africa. Tuberculosis account for HIV% of all patients with ascites, but contributes up to 30% among those with HIV. Heart failure is also a significant morbidity and mortality, and has been reported in up to 20% of ascites in Africa. Renal causes of ascites are also significant. However, much is not known about prevalence of ascites in jinja Hospital, and the clinical, socio-demographic characteristics of these patients in out settings. Purpose: To determine the prevalence of ascites of patients with ascites admitted in medical wards at Jinja regional referral hospital. Methodology: Hospital Based Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study. Results: A total of 20 participants, mean age 40.9±1.51 years were included in this study, with equal sexual distribution. The mean duration of symptoms was 3 months, and majority of the participants reported history of abdominal distension, generalized body malaise, lower limb swelling, loss of appetite, and difficulty in breathing. Only a few patients had history of fever (34%), or weight loss (38%). Common causes of ascites were liver cirrhosis 35%, HIV 30%, heart failure 20%, chronic kidney disease 5%, and TB Peritonitis 5%. Less common causes were nephrotic syndrome 5%. Conclusions: Ascites commonly affect female with age group of mean age 41 years. And the common causes of ascites were liver cirrhosis, malignant ascites, heart failure, chronic kidney disease, and tuberculosis peritonitis. Recommendations: We recommend another study to further describe patients with malignant ascites in our settings. Another study is also needed to determine the grading of ascites in our settings
FAITH, A (2022). The Prevalence of Ascites Among Patients Admitted In Jinja Rrh. Afribary. Retrieved from https://afribary.com/works/the-prevalence-of-ascites-among-patients-admitted-in-jinja-rrh
FAITH, ALIYINZA "The Prevalence of Ascites Among Patients Admitted In Jinja Rrh" Afribary. Afribary, 08 Aug. 2022, https://afribary.com/works/the-prevalence-of-ascites-among-patients-admitted-in-jinja-rrh. Accessed 25 Apr. 2024.
FAITH, ALIYINZA . "The Prevalence of Ascites Among Patients Admitted In Jinja Rrh". Afribary, Afribary, 08 Aug. 2022. Web. 25 Apr. 2024. < https://afribary.com/works/the-prevalence-of-ascites-among-patients-admitted-in-jinja-rrh >.
FAITH, ALIYINZA . "The Prevalence of Ascites Among Patients Admitted In Jinja Rrh" Afribary (2022). Accessed April 25, 2024. https://afribary.com/works/the-prevalence-of-ascites-among-patients-admitted-in-jinja-rrh