INTRODUCTION
Toxins are poisonous substances produced within living cells or organisms and can include various classes of small molecules or proteins that cause disease on contact. The severity and type of diseases caused by toxins can range from minor effects to deadly effects. The organisms which are capable of producing toxins include bacteria, fungi, algae, and plants. Some of the major types of toxins include, but are not limited to, environmental, marine, and microbial toxins. Microbial toxins may include those produced by the bacteria and fungi (i.e. mycotoxins). Bacterial toxins are toxic substances that are produced and released by bacteria to target other bacterial or host cells. Bacteria often have antitoxins to avoid the deleterious effects of toxins.Toxigenesis, or the ability to produce toxins, is an underlying mechanism by which many bacterial pathogens produce disease. At a chemical level, there are two main types of bacterial toxins, lipopolysaccharides, which are associated with the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria, and proteins, which are released from bacterial cells and may act at tissue sites removed from the site of bacterial growth. The cell-associated toxins are referred to as endotoxins and the extracellular diffusible toxins are referred to as exotoxins
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page i
Certification ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgement iv
Table of content v
List of table vi
List of figures Vii
INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………………...1-6
MECHANISMS OF BACTERIAL TOXIN……………………………………...7-8
TYPES OF TOXIN………………………………………………………………..8-14
CHARACTERISTICS OF MICROBIAL TOXIN……………………………….15-16
DIARRHOEA……………………………………………………………………..17
METHOD OF DIAGNOSIS OF DIARRHEA…………………………………….17-18
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF DIARRHOEA …………………………………………….18-20
SYMPTOMS ASSOCIATED WITH DIARRHEA………………………………...21-22
CLASSIFICATION OF DIARRHEA ………………………………………………23-29
MECHANISMS OF DIARRHEA PRODUCTION………………………………..30-33
PREDISPOSING FACTORS TO FORMATION OF DIARRHOEA………………34-35
MECHANISMS OF DIARRHOEAGENIC TOXINS……………………………….36-40
MANAGEMENT OF DIARRHOEA…………………………………………………42-45
PREVENTION AND CONTROL…………………………………………………....46-48
CONCLUSION………………………………………………………………………..49
REFERENCES………………………………………………………………………....50-56
Damilare, D. & samuel, A (2018). TOXIN ASSOCIATED WITH DIARRHEAL DISEASES. Afribary. Retrieved from https://afribary.com/works/toxin-associated-with-diarrheal-diseases
Damilare, Dabiri, and Ayo Samuel "TOXIN ASSOCIATED WITH DIARRHEAL DISEASES" Afribary. Afribary, 03 Apr. 2018, https://afribary.com/works/toxin-associated-with-diarrheal-diseases. Accessed 23 Dec. 2024.
Damilare, Dabiri, and Ayo Samuel . "TOXIN ASSOCIATED WITH DIARRHEAL DISEASES". Afribary, Afribary, 03 Apr. 2018. Web. 23 Dec. 2024. < https://afribary.com/works/toxin-associated-with-diarrheal-diseases >.
Damilare, Dabiri and Samuel, Ayo . "TOXIN ASSOCIATED WITH DIARRHEAL DISEASES" Afribary (2018). Accessed December 23, 2024. https://afribary.com/works/toxin-associated-with-diarrheal-diseases