This paper expands our two already published papers on socio-cultural change in diachronic ways. Our proposed approach to socio-cultural change was called the “Proactive-interactive-symbiotic approach to long-term cultural change”, also known as the “Symbiotic School of socio-cultural change” in short. These two papers were published by us in the years 2017 and 2018 respectively, and the concepts and the ideals propounded therein, we referred to multiple times in several of our downst...
We begin this paper by attempting to define the highly nebulous, ambiguous and misleading concept of race, and review current literature to show that the term ‘race’ is a fundamentally a highly antiquated and flawed concept. We also revisit various other contemporary theories on human classification including anthropometric and genetic ones. We also summarize the principles, concepts and tenets of our paper of the ‘Certainty uncertainty principle’ for the social sciences which was pub...
We begin this paper by attempting to define the highly nebulous, ambiguous and misleading concept of race, and review current literature to show that the term ‘race’ is a fundamentally a highly antiquated and flawed concept. We also revisit various other contemporary theories on human classification including anthropometric and genetic ones. We also summarize the principles, concepts and tenets of our paper of the ‘Certainty uncertainty principle’ for the social sciences which was pub...
This is an important part of our ‘globalization of science movement’ particularly for the social sciences because it allows a multi-cultural and a multi-dimensional interpretation of issues, and also allows solutions to various intractable and seemingly complex problems and issues birthed in various cultural contexts. The ideas and concepts of “Cultural frame of reference” and “Cross-cultural frame of reference” were already introduced by us in passing in our papers on the certain...
This is one of our several publications on research method and research methodology. In this paper, we support the idea of a structured and formal approach to scientific research. However, there may be many different exceptions to this as all types of research problems may not lend themselves to research in the form of pre-determined steps. Thus, the first preference would be to follow a standard and a highly structured and formalized scientific method wherever this is possible. In case this ...
This is our fifth paper on twenty-first century historiography. In the first paper, which was published by us in the year 2015, we had defined and set forth the core objectives of what we called twentyfirst century historiography. In the second paper published by us in 2016, we had postulated the core principles of twenty-first century historiography. In the third paper published by us in 2018, we had had introduced the concept of Anthropological Historiography wherein we had sought to integr...
In a previous paper on cross-cultural research design, we had underlined the importance of crosscultural research design in scientific activity. We had also underlined the importance of obtaining various types of emic and etic perspectives on various kinds of issues, and had also attempted to bucket cultures into various categories. In this paper, we attempt to take those concepts a step forward, and call for a horizontal collaboration among nations. We also define the terms horizontal collab...
We begin this paper by defining the terms intellectual and intellectualism and then trace the history of intellectualism from ancient times onwards. We also present a broad overview of present day schools of intellectual thought and conclude that all present-day schools of thought are somewhat outdated for the present time. We also propose the direction intellectualism should take in the twenty-first century, and invite other scholars and researchers to connect the dots and contribute in a mu...
We had first introduced the concept of “Ethnography of enculturation” in our paper on generic identity theory. We had also published two other papers on ethnography, the gist of which can be understood to enhance the readership experience of this paper. This is however, not mandatory. We believe the “Ethnography of enculturation” would constitute a very important concept and component of twentyfirst century social sciences since it would give us an insight and understanding into how h...
The basis of this paper is our paper on generic identity theory which we had published several years ago. This aforementioned paper which was tied to the concept of the psychic unity of mankind, explored among other things, the basic concepts pertaining to human identity and identity formation. Another pillar of this paper is the concept of symbiotic approach to socio-cultural change which discussed sociocultural change in globalized scenarios, and enunciated several concepts such as mind-ori...
This paper takes forward the concepts and postulates of our two published papers on socio-cultural change to their logical conclusion, and seeks to put forward some new and novel techniques through which we believe the ideals of these two papers can be eminently realized. Another objective of this paper is to review the various types of already existing apperception tests such as the Thematic Apperception tests which try to assess the sub-conscious dynamics of a person’s personality, and pr...
Making the use of Inductive approaches, Nomothetic theory-building and the application of Grounded theory widespread in the social sciences: A guide to better research and theorization in the social sciences. This paper evaluates both inductive and deductive methods with respect to theory building particularly in the social sciences. The former is an approach for drawing conclusions by proceeding from the specific to the general, while as per the latter, a hypothesis is usually developed ...
Twenty first century intellectualism
Operationalizing cross-cultural research design: Practical, cost-effective, and a minimalistic application of cross-cultural research design to minimize cultural bias in research and reconcile diverse viewpoints. Abstract We begin this paper by providing a brief overview of the history of science in different civilizations and cultures around the world since ancient times, in order to show that different cultures and traditions across geographies have contributed t...
This paper is the second in our series on scientific method for the social sciences, and is presented in relation to what we call the “Globalization of science”. It is like our earlier works, designed to provide multi-vocality and multi-polarity to the sciences, and discourage Eurocentrism or any other form of ideology or centrism. It uses existing theories on uncertainty and incompleteness as a starting point and further utilizes them to construct an approach that can be used chiefly in ...
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