Abstract: The world is continually hearing about the unrelenting expansion of the use of digital technologies like social media around the globe. The relevance of social media channels to diplomacy goes far beyond usage numbers. The universal use of social media has important strategic implications for the diplomatic community because it has fundamentally changed the ways that governments engage with their citizens and position themselves on the global stage. Social media has fundamentally i...
Abstract: This paper explores the use of mediation and negotiation as a strategy of conflict resolution in the case of Kenya 2007/2008 post-election violence crisis. The rationale behind this study was that mediation and negotiation as a conflict resolution strategy has been used in different conflicts such as Colombia, Syria, Yemen, Libya, and Somalia without success. On the other hand, mediation and negotiation was used successfully in South Sudan, but it did not bring everlasting peace in...
Abstract: Considering the events that preceded the toppling of Mosaddeq and the eventual Islamic Revolution, Iran’s foreign policy has shifted from engagement to assertiveness. The perception of hostility and threat to the survival of regime became the defining framework for the pursuit of the grand strategy of Iran in the Middle East and in response to the rest of world. Thus, nuclear capability, spread of Islamic revolution and expansionist geopolitical influence became the strategy for ...
Abstract: The study sought to examine the extent to which social security has been extended to old aged people in Kenya. The study focused on the following research questions: what is the extent of social security Programme to the old aged people in Kenya?; how has the social security fund enhanced the basic rights of the old aged people in Kenya?; and what is the effectiveness of the cash transfer Programme on the old aged people in Kenya?. The study used comparative research design to gath...
Abstract: Asymmetric Conflict Theory was used in support of the claims which argue that an actor’s relative resolve or interest explains success or failure in asymmetric conflict. Mixed methodology was used whereby both qualitative data and quantitative data was used. In terms of data presentation, data was presented in a way that communicates the information and enables conclusions to be drawn. The findings were divided into; the implication of fishing conflict, causes of fishing conflict...
Abstract: The increase in the number of Somali refugees in Kenya has been associated with the increased national security concerns. This study makes the case that refugee protection and national security should be viewed as complementary and not as conflicting state goals. Whereas the perception of Somali refugees as a threat is not without merit, it is possible for this to be done without violating refugee rights. The study endeavored to explain refugee presence and national security questi...
Abstract: Climate change is the new threat to development and environmental sustainability in the 21st Century. States after seeing the alarming effects of climate change, decided to come up with a way to deal with climate change. This saw the birth of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in 1992, whose ultimate objective is stabilization of the level of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere that will prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with t...
Abstract: In a fast globalizing world, trade free policies seem to be a common trait in bilateral agreements. Theses bilateral trade agreements are informed by the WTO regulations on free trade and are subject to renewal and renegotiation once their term limit has expired. The WTO has over the years been successful in abolishing trade barriers that cause trade among countries to be expensive. International trade functions on the basis of comparative advantage whereby a country specializes in...
Abstract: One of the most distressing phenomena in the Post-Cold War era is the substantial growth of people displaced within their homelands, otherwise known as Internally Displaced Persons / People (IDPs). The increase in the number of IDPs shows that many conflicts occurred even after the two greatest rivals, the United States of America (USA) and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) stopped their confrontation in the end of the 1990’s. While the landscape presents both challe...
Abstract: In the wake of global developments towards the penultimate decade of the twentieth century, the post-colonial itch to be competitive became vital as engagement for African states at the international stage changed. The political economic models employed needed to be reviewed. Air transport, a key driver of many economies had to be realigned with the global changes. African states sought ways in which air transport could be modelled to increase intra-African connectivity through con...
Abstract: This study brought out the analysis of dependency level brought about by EAC economic integration among its member states; Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Burundi, and Rwanda. A comparative analysis of the failures and achievement of the old and new EAC was focused on to bring out the level of reduction in over reliance to the foreign aid into the region. This analysis was based on the level of reduction of trade barriers, and elimination of some of these restrictions. Therefore, elements...
Abstract: The purpose of the study was to examine the contributions of the East Africa Community Common Market Protocol to Tanzania’s economic growth. The study was guided bythree objectives, namely; toevaluate contributions of intra-EAC trade liberalization to Tanzania’s economy,to find out the contribution of the movement of labor and persons to Tanzania’s economy, andto examine the contribution of the movement of capital to the economic growth of Tanzania.A descriptive research desi...
Abstract: Community defines networks of people who connect to each other in different perspectives. As a result of interdependence which is the natural connection between two or more groups, the community is always in the process of peace building. This is done through improved relationships, and clear definitions and respect for others social spaces which creates room for reconciliation and conflict transformation. Community – based approach strategy has become among the most common and a...
Abstract: This paper examines the alternative development approach that has been established as people centred, participatory and endogenous, with cultural identity playing an important role. The Rotating Savings and Credit Associations have grown and developed over time and across the developing world as an alternative platform for credit and savings for a majority of marginalised people. This paper explores the family centred Rotating Savings and Credit Associations in Kenya as one example...
Abstract: The study investigates the causes of informal cross border trade in East Africa border points even with the establishment of the East^African Community Customs Union. The study has established that that majority of the traders are not familiar with the EAC Customs Union Protocols and so they may not benefit from it. The few traders aware of it are less motivated to know how the Protocol can benefit them and they perceive the opening up of trade under the evolving E A C Customs Unio...