ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: To compare the effects of depression and chronic physical conditions on disability in elderly persons. SETTING: Yoruba-speaking areas of Nigeria. DESIGN: Interviews. PATICIPANTS: Community-dwelling persons aged 65 and older. METHOD: Face-to-face interviews were conducted with a representative sample of community-dwelling persons aged 65 and older (N52,152) in the Yoruba-speaking areas of Nigeria (representing 22% of the national population). Major depressive disorder...
Abstract This study examined the prevalence of and factors associated with post-traumatic stress disorder in recently diagnosed HIV/AIDS patients in South Africa. One hundred and forty-nine (44 male, 105 female) recently diagnosed HIV/AIDS patients (mean duration since diagnosis/5.8 months, SD/4.1) were evaluated. Subjects were assessed using the MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), the Carver Brief COPE coping scale and the Sheehan Disability Scale. In addition, previous exp...
Abstract This study examined the prevalence of unprotected sex, other sexual risk behaviours, and factors associated with unprotected sex among men and women recently diagnosed with HIV in South Africa. One hundred and forty-nine outpatients (44 males and 105 females) were assessed, of whom 101 were sexually active at least 6 months prior to study entry. Subjects were asked about sexual risk behaviours with reference to their most recent sexual encounter. Logistic regression analysis was empl...
ABSTRACT There is increasing evidence that major depression impacts the course of HIV infection, yet few studies have explored demographic and clinical predictors of depression in people who with HIV/AIDS. This study investigated predictors of depression (e.g., demographic and clinical variables, negative life events, and coping response) among outpatients with recently diagnosed HIV/AIDS patients in South Africa. One hundred forty-nine recently diagnosed HIV/AIDS patients (44 males and 105 f...
Abstract Background—Little is known about factors that determine the QoL of elderly persons living in developing societies undergoing rapid social changes. Method—A representative sample of elderly Nigerians, aged 65 years and over (n= 2152), was assessed for QoL using the World Health Organization Quality of Life instrument (WHOQoLBref). Other than sociodemographic factors, respondents were also evaluated for major depressive disorder, physical conditions as well as for social network, s...
ABSTRACT This study examined the relationships between psychological contract breach, perceived justice and employee retaliatory behaviour and the moderating roles of religiosity and perceived psychological contract in informal organisational settings. A sample of 150 informal sector employees from ages sixteen to fifty-seven participated in the study. All participants responded to questionnaires on perceived psychological contract, psychological contract breach, perceived justice, employee r...