ABSTRACT This study was carried out to estimate the porcine cysticercosis prevalence by meat inspection, identify the risk factors of porcine cysticercosis along the pig/pork marketing channels and describe the pig productions systems. Data for prevalence were obtained using census of all pig carcasses going through the meat inspection point over a 3-months period. A ledger was used to register information regarding all cysticercosis post mortem inspection findings. The meat inspection was ev...
ABSTRACT A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in sheep and goats kept under traditional management system in Meru district, Tanzania in September 2014, with the objective of determining the prevalence of gastrointestinal helminthosis in small ruminants, identification of the most prevalent helminths, determination of helminth infection intensity in traditional management system and assessment of farmers awareness on small ruminants helminth control practice. In this study a tot...
ABSTRACT Inadequate and erratic rainfall in the arid and semi-arid lands (ASALs) of Kenya that are accompanied by long dry spells lead to drought. This leads to low feed availability. Inadequate quality and quantity of feeds is the major constraint to livestock production in the ASALs of Kenya. It is the major input factor to livestock production and accounts for 60-70% of the production cost. There is therefore a need to introduce climate smart forage species in order to expand the forage re...
ABSTRACT The scarce and low nutritive livestock forage resource base in semi arid Kenya limits livestock production in these regions. The major factor contributing to this situation is inadequate and erratic rainfall patterns accompanied by long dry spells often culminating into drought. To exploit the full potential of the ASALs for livestock production there is need to expand the forage resource base through introduction of climate smart forage species. This study was carried out to evaluat...
ABSTRACT: Human activities modify ecosystem structure and function and can also alter the vital rates of vectors and thus the risk of infection with vector-borne diseases. In the Maasai Steppe ecosystem of northern Tanzania, local communities depend on livestock and suitable pasture that is shared with wildlife, which can increase tsetse abundance and the risk of trypanosomiasis. We monitored the monthly tsetse fly abundance adjacent to Tarangire National Park in 2014-2015 using geo-reference...
Table of Contents A. The proposal .................................................................................................................................... 3 1. Introduction: .................................................................................................................................... 3 2. Problem statement ........................................................................................................................... 9 3. Research question: ..........
ABSTRACT An outbreak of African Swine Fever (ASF), characterized by a mortality of 50 to 100% in various herds, was diagnosed among free-ranging domesticated pigs in Delta State, Nigeria, in August 1998. The etiological confirmation of ASF was made by virus isolation, PCR and sequencing of a 280 base pair fragment of the major capsid protein (VP72) gene. Experimental infection of pigs with infected blood resulted in pyrexia, which peaked two to four days postinfection, followed by death in ...
Abstract African animal trypanosomosis is a complex infectious disease responsible for production losses in livestock herds. The severity of the disease has been associated with different species and strains of trypanosomes which have not been characterized molecularly in Nigeria. Many of the previous studies conducted in Nigeria were based on microscopy and serology. This study accessed the prevalence of trypanosomes in the forest (Ogun State) and Savannah (Kaduna State) zones, being major e...
Abstract Forty-five juvenile tilapia and 30 weanling albino rats exposed to water containing 50, 100 and 150ppm of aqueous extract of Aloe vera leaves for 96 hours and 28 days, respectively were used for this study. Fifteen tilapia and 10 rats exposed to clean water (0 ppm A. vera) served as controls. Clinical signs, mortality, gross and histologic organ pathology in the tilapia; weekly haematology, plasma biochemical parameters and organ pathology were monitored in the rats. Fish cultured in...
ABSTRACT Serological and bacteriological studies were carried out to determine the prevalence of brucellosis among cattle in Benue State, Nigeria; and to determine the level of contamination of fresh bulk herd and fermented milk sold to the public for consumption; as well as detect and characterize the causative agent of bovine brucellosis in the area; and to evaluate a new diagnostic test for brucellosis, the Brucella Lateral Flow Assay (the rapid field test). Serum samples obtained from ca...
ABSTRACT Infectious bursal disease (IBD) causes high morbidity and high mortality among 3 – 6 weeks old chicks. Its occurrence even in vaccinated flocks is a global concern. Passive haemagglutination (PHA) test, a simple and rapid test has been adopted for IBD antibodies but its use for viral titres has not been reported. To modify the test for assessment of viral titres, serial dilutions of a reference IBDV sample were used to sensitize human group O+ red blood cells (RBC) before reacting...
Abstract This study evaluated the anti-diabetic and antioxidant potential of methanolic extract of Helianthus annuus L. leaves in alloxan-induced hyperglycemic rats. Fresh leaves of the plant were collected from their local habitat in the University of Nigeria, Nsukka environment. The extract was prepared by cold maceration using 80 % methanol at environmental temperature with intermittent sharing for 48 h to obtain a yield of 10.04 % w/w dry Helianthus annuus extract (HAE). The extract was t...
ABSTRACT Effect of Aluminium – Magnesium Silicate (AMS) on Avian Influenza Virus was tested in vitro by incubating an isolate of a highly pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus (AIV) involved in an outbreak of the disease in Nigeria, with a synthetic AMS. The isolate was a confirmed Influenza virus type A, subtype H5N1. Equal amount of the Virus sample and of the AMS, on volume to weight (v/w) basis, were incubated at room temperature for one hour and then centrifuged at 3000 revolutions per m...
ABSTRACT This study investigated the effects of a combination of arthemether and diminazene aceturate therapy on experimental Trypanosoma brucei infection in albino rats. Thirty five male albino rats were used for the study. They were randomly assigned to seven groups of five rats each, after acclimatization. The groupings and their specific treatments were as follows: Group A- infected and treated with diminazene aceturate (DA) at the dose of 7.0 mg/kg body weight (bw) once on day 7 post-in...
ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of planes of nutrition on body weight, haematology and immune responses in broiler chickens vaccinated with NDV I-2 and Lasota vaccines. Two hundred (200) day old broiler chicks of Anak 2000 strain were used for the study. They were randomly assigned into nine groups of 20 birds each. Three feed types (A, B, C) were compounded for the study. Proximate analyses of the feeds were carried out. The groupings are A1 (feed A + ...