ABSTRACT Breast cancer is a disease that affects both men and women and currently the leading type of cancer in women globally, commanding a huge social and health impact. Approximately 52.5% of breast cancer cases express estrogen receptors (ER). ER is a receptor proteins type of breast cancer and it fuels growth of breast cancer. ER breast cancer which has been shown to be the most aggressive and misdiagnosed thus, leading to overtreatment. However, it has not been study in Africans Kenyan ...
ABSTRACT Incidence of Salmonella resistance to various antibiotic agents, especially to the commonly available antibiotics in Kenya, is rising. Genetic elements such as Class 1 integrons have an important role in development and spread of resistance. In western Kenya, integron-mediated antibiotic resistance was reported in clinical Salmonella enteric serovars. However, no similar studies have been done to elucidate the role of class 1 integrons in fish isolates for multidrug resistant Salmone...
ABSTRACT Acute Myelocytic Leukemia (AML) is a cancer of the bone marrow characterized by arrested maturation along with uncontrolled proliferation of hematopoietic progenitor cells. Mostly, it affects persons of age 65years and above. In AML, there is absence or low amounts of Estrogen Receptors in the bone marrow. Various studies have associated Estradiol to the variation of ER. However, the exact role Estradiol is still not known in association with the onset and progression of AML. The mai...
ABSTRACT The potential of the antiretroviral drugs zidovudine and nevirapine to induce genotoxicity was evaluated using the Allium cepa and the mice models. Four doses per antiretroviral were used in the Allium cepa chromosomal aberration assay while three doses per antiretroviral were used for the mouse study. The Allium cepa study consisted of the 96hr root growth inhibition, the 48hr recovery and the 48hr chromosomal aberration phases to determine the EC50; ascertain if root growth inhibi...
ABSTRACT The potentials of using Gycine max and Lycopersicon esculentum in remediating soil polluted with crude oil were investigated. The investigation involved screening of four accessions each of the two crops fro germination, survival and growth. The mitotic divisons of the accessions of G. max were further examined. The plant height, dry matter content, leaf area, chlorophyll content and pod production rate of the TGX 1440-1E accession of G. Max was also accessed. This was followed by in...
ABSTRACT Joloo is a formulation extracted from seven medicinal plants used in folk medicine practice for the management and treatment of breast cancer and some other health malaise in southwestern Nigeria. The study evaluates some of its traditionally acclaimed pharmacological properties in mice and rats as well as the safety of Joloo. Three toxicity levels of study which included acute, subchronic and chronic toxicity were undertaken to evaluate the extract. Joloo was prepared using plants i...
ABSTRACT Accessions Tvu 3788 and IT 99K-377-1, Tvsu 102 and Tvsu 1685 and ACR.91SUWANI-SRC1 and DMR-LSRW of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranean) and Maize (Zea mays) respectively were subjected to lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) treatment and screened for their ability to tolerate these metals. Accessions Tvu 3788, Tvsu 102 and ACR.91SUWANI-SRC1 of cowpea, bambara groundnut and maize respectively were chosen and used for the experiment. The toxic effects of lead and zinc...
Abstract The marine bacterium Vibrio cholerae produces pyomelanin through the catabolism of L-tyrosine to homogentisic acid. Various types of melanins are used by microbes as defense mechanisms against a variety of environmental stresses. This thesis investigated the defensive role of V. cholerae pyomelanin against exogenous stresses, particularly hydrogen-peroxide (HzOz). A V. cholerae 569B melanin-deficient mutant was created by insertional inactivation of ppdA, which encodes for p-hydroxyp...
ABSTRACT The resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to artemisinin and its derivatives underscore the need for new sets of antimalarials with novel mechanisms of action. Towards the development of new, affordable and easily accessible antimalarial drugs for endemic regions, there is the need to screen more compounds for their antimalarial activity. Several studies on different compound classes have been conducted using laboratory strains of P. falciparum. However, not much is known of their pote...
ABSTRACT People living with type 2 diabetes mellitus is on the increase and research has established that there is decreased secretion of testosterone in Type 2 Diabetic Mellitus males which may be linked to decreased levels of kisspeptin secretion that can cause the development of diabetic complications such as erectile dysfunction. Decreased kisspeptin levels have strongly been linked to decreased secretion of gonadotropins from the pituitary gland and this causes type 2 diabetic males to...
ABSTRACT Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major cause of liver inflammation accounting for 887,000 deaths annually. The introduction of HBV vaccines has significantly reduced new cases of the infection, but there are still 65 million people living with the virus in Sub-Saharan Africa. Currently, 10 genotypes (A-J) of HBV have been classified. Several studies have shown that the different HBV genotypes differently influence clinical presentation, progression of liver diseases and respons...