ABSTRACT Many are the challenges facing Emergency Medical Service (EMS) in the developing world including Sub-Saharan Africa. These challenges include insufficient resources in terms of vehicles (the ambulance itself), limited staff and equipment, poor communication and transportation network, just to mention a few. As a result, people resort to private and public transport (Taxis) in times of emergency health situations. It is however not certain that these public and private vehicles emplo...
ABSTRACT Mandawa Basin is an onshore pull-apart basin located at the southern east coast of Tanzania and covers an area of 16,000 sq.km, it evolved during Permo-Triassic time by ENE-WSW extensional movements during Gondwana rifting and NW-SE extensional movements resulted from drifting of Madagascar during Jurassic time. Hydrocarbon exploration started in 1952, with the first deep exploration well (Mandawa-7) drilled in 1958 by BP company, there after ten exploration wells have been drilled ...
Abstract Triangulation in survey is the process of determining the control points by measuring angles and distances. The adjustment process of triangulating a network can be carried out by many methods, one of these methods is variation of coordinates using distance, angle and azimuth observation equation. The objective of this study was to use the variation of coordinates method by distance observation equation only. The network has been adjusted was a part of an old triangulation in Sudan, ...
ABSTRACT Electrical resistivity survey was used to investigate the anisotropic properties with the view of understanding the major direction of fractures as well as the behavioural patterns of the structures in part of Federal University Oye Ekiti, south western Nigeria. The area lies within the south-western Basement complex of Nigeria underlain by migmatite, granite gneiss. Five Radial Vertical Electrical Soundings (RYES) were carried out along four different azimuths (0°, 45°, 90°...
ABSTRACT Shortage of capital is a major constraint in the development of microenterprises (MEs) among entrepreneurs who are members of self-help groups (SHGs) in Butere, Mumias, Matungu and Khwisero Sub-Counties of Kakamega County. Shortage of capital is occasioned by inability of entrepreneurs in the informal sector to access credit from mainstream financial institutions. Thus, a number of microfinance institutions (MFIs) in the study area provide credit to members of SHGs operating MEs so ...
ABSTRACT Mangrove forests are among the most threatened ecosystems on earth. Some of these forests transverse national boundaries complicating their management due to differences in governance structures between countries. In order to improve the management of transboundary mangroves and associated biodiversity, regular monitoring of status and conditions of these forests is essential. The aim of the study was to create a better understanding of transboundary mangrove cover/ change and the c...
ABSTRACT Flower farms play an important role in the horticulture industry which contributes about 10% of agricultural produce in Kenya. They create employment, earn foreign exchange through exports and improve infrastructure in the world. Despite these achievements agro-chemicals used in these farms to increase production pose a great danger to the health of the farm workers and the surrounding environment. The broad objective of this study was to perform an assessment of factors affecting l...
ABSTRACT Climate change and variability greatly affect many human activities particularly agriculture. Various adaptation strategies to climate variability have been used over the years with little attention to the vital role played by seasonal climate forecast (SCF) in providing information on the expected climatic conditions to adapt to. Despite dissemination of SCF information to varied users by Kenya Meteorological services (KMS) before rain seasons, it still remains unclear whether the ...
Abstract This paper examined the impact of petroleum exploitation on the environment of the Niger Delta oil producing communities in Nigeria. This is in furtherance of the understanding that human beings are at the centre of concerns for sustainable development. The paper observed that there was need for the adoption of measures that would provide a reasonable degree of protection of ecological and human environment from the activities of the oil industry in Nigeria.
ABSTRACT Most ecological assessments often focus on one ecosystem without investigating the integrity of contiguous ecosystems and implications thereof on the habitat of interest. From a conservation perspective, ignored ex situ processes may counteract management interventions in an ecosystem of interest if the former aren’t taken into account. This study sought to assess land-use cover change and its potential relationship or impact on the integrity of contiguous mangroves downstream. Car...
ABSTRACT Maize is the main staple food crop in Kenya and is of vital concern to agricultural policy decisions, food security and overall development of the sector and the economy. It is also the dominant staple food crop in Kuria east sub-County. However, there has been a declining trend in maize production among farmers in the study area threatening household food security. This study was conducted in Kuria east sub-County using cross sectional survey research design and sought to achieve th...
ABSTRACT This study examined the effects of industrial wastewater on the environment of Ikeja by identifying the industries that generate and discharge wastewater. It also examined the physico-chemical composition of the wastewater and determined the spatial distribution of wastewater discharge and its relationship with environmental pollution. It compared the waste water quality of the sampled industries in the study area with LASEPA regulatory standards. Field collection of wastewater samp...
ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to investigate the structure, pattern and problems of yam production and marketing in Benue State, Nigeria. The specific objectives are to: examine the socioeconomic characteristics of yam farmers and the volume of yam production in Benue State. To examine the socio-economic characteristics of yam traders and the structure and pattern of yam marketing. To investigate the contribution of the middlemen and yam marketing associations towards marketing of ya...
ABSTRACT Shortage of food in the world today has resulted from changes in agricultural land use practices among other factors including climate change, population growth and urbanization. In Kenya, over the past four decades there has been reducing number of people practicing agriculture in the country. Though agriculture is the main economic activity in the country, the increasing population and human settlement into the agricultural regions has led to the sub-division of the rural agricult...
ABSTRACT Agricultural land is an important resource for farm households as it forms the base for their livelihoods. Therefore, the manner in which households utilize this resource influences to a large extent their food security situation. This study sought to establish the impact of agricultural land use on household food security in Kisii Central sub-County, Kisii County. To achieve this objective the study focused on the following; examination of the various land use activities, assessment...