Abstract In this thesis, I investigate the application of various statistical methods towards analysing GPS tracking data collected using GPS collars placed on large mammals in Kruger National Park, South Africa. Animal movement tracking is a rapidly advancing area of ecological research and large amount of data is being collected, with short sampling intervals between successive locations. A statistical challenge is to determine appropriate methods that capture most properties of the data is...
Abstract. This study is a critical review of theoretical issues that underline the linear mixed effects (LME) and nonlinear mixed effects (NLME) models. These two areas are revisited under maximum likelihood and restricted maximum likelihood estimation frameworks. We also review methods of estimating parameters in both linear and nonlinear mixed effects models. In the case of LME, we consider different ways of developing the likelihood estimators, key among these methods are the “pseudo-dat...
Abstract This study set out to examine and map the spatial variation of infant mortality in Kenya. We used data from Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) database to explore spatial variation. Generalized linear mixed inodel(GLMM) with Enumeration Areas (EA) specific random effects was used to assess the effects of geographical heterogeneity and other covariates. The model based Geostatistical methods were used to quantify the spatial variations of the observations using the variograms and fit...
ABSTRACT Contraception allows women and couples to have the number of children they want, when they want them. This is everybody’s right according to the United Nations Declaration of Human Rights. Use of Contraceptive also reduces the need for abortion by preventing unwanted pregnancies. It therefore reduces cases of unsafe abortion,one of the leading causes of maternal death worldwide.According to Mohammed ,in 2012 an estimated 464,000 induced abortions occurred in Kenya. This translates ...
ABSTRACT Education progress plays a very important role in determining the future of a pupil and even in planning for the schools and education sector as a whole. Primary Education forms the basis of implementing Poverty Reduction Strategy by the government through the acquisition of basic literacy skills, which increases opportunities for employment and ability to be self-reliant, hence the need to monitor the pupils general progress from the time of entry in class one to graduation after th...
ABSTRACT Tea production is the mainstay of many people in Kenya. The contribution of tea sector to the Kenyan economy is enormous as it accounts for about 4% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Favourable product prices act as a trigger for any commercial activity over time and also suggest sustainability of the activity. Tea is a very significant crop in Kenya and it is one of the major agricultural exports of the country. However, the industry has experienced many challenges such as stiff comp...
ABSTRACT In October 1993, Kenya adopted a floating exchange rate system where the exchange rates are determined by forces of demand and supply for the local currency. Exchange rate forecasts are necessary to evaluate the foreign denominated cash flows involved in international transactions. Therefore exchange rate forecasting is important to evaluate the benefits and risks attached to the international business environment. This study therefore sought to fit a Seasonal Autoregressive Intergra...
ABSTRACT Rotavirus is the most common cause of severe gastroenteritis infection in infants and young children, occurring even with very high standard of hygiene. The disease spreads by contact with infected faeces and might also be transmitted through faecally-contaminated: food, water and respiratory droplets. Rota teq and Rotarix are the two licensed oral vaccine intervention for rotavirus. However, it takes time for the development of vaccineinduced immunity to complete, hence the need to ...
Abstract A nonlinear Black-Scholes Partial Dierential Equation whose nonlinearity is as a result of transaction costs and a price slippage impact that lead to market illiquidity with feedback eects was studied. Most of the solutions obtained in option pricing especially using nonlinear equations are numerical which gives approximate option values. To get exact option values, analytic solutions for these equations have to be obtained. Analytic solutions to the nonlinear Black-Scholes Partial D...
ABSTRACT Hospital is an essential welfare of society. It provides management of illnesses through treatment and prevention interventions by medical and health professionals. Due to growing population and rise in chronic diseases, there is an increased demand for health care services. This causes congestion and overcrowding in most hospitals. Hospital overcrowding is a major problem to patients, hospital administration and to the general health workers. Hospitals in many jurisdictions struggle...
ABSTRACT This thesis reports on a statistical analysis on risk factors associated with under-five mortality in Namibia. Secondary data were obtained from the 2013 Namibia Demographic and Health Survey data. Children survival was measured by age at death and the event variable was whether the children were still alive or dead after the first five (years) of their lives. Variables included were maternal education, mother’s marital status, the age of the mother at first birth, preceding birth ...
ABSTRACT The research also examines the relationship between the ARDL procedure and the fully modified OLS approach of Phillips and Hansen to estimation of cointegrating relationship between all the variables, and economic growth, these results provide strong evidence in favor of a rehabilitation of the traditional ARDL approach to time Series econometric modelling. The ARDL approach has the additional advantage of yielding consistent estimates of the long-run co-efficient that is asympt...
ABSTRACT This work suggests an exact and systematic model identification approach which is entirely new and addresses most of the challenges of existing methods. We developed quadratic discriminant functions for various orders of autoregressive moving average (ARMA) models. An Algorithm that is to be used alongside our functions was also developed. In achieving this, three hundred sets of time series data were simulated for the development of our functions. Another twenty five sets of simulat...
Abstract In this manuscript, a control chart is designed for two-piece normal distribution using repetitive sampling. The necessary measures to determine the average run lengths for in control and out-of-control process are given. The average run lengths are presented for various specified parameters and shift constants. The efficiency of the proposed chart is compared with the existing control chart using single sampling. The application of the proposed chart is given with the help of an ex...
ABSTRACT Statistics is one among the old and wide discipline spread across the global. As many studies and topics have been researched, published and presented in various set up and purpose. Some topics or areas of statistics are extensively covered in those researches in some areas. The study on queuing has not been done extensively in Tanzania. The queuing is a common practice to all public service centres where the demand surpass the supply. This study investigates the performance of queu...