Most of soil microorganisms are known for
their ability to solubilize insoluble phosphorous compounds for releasing
soluble phosphate to make phosphorous available for plant absorption.
Releasement of this soluble phosphorous is very important in increasing plant
growth and plant product yields. Inoculating plant seeds with phosphate solubilizing
microorganisms is very effective and environmentally useful to decrease the
side effect of chemical fertilizers on soil microbes and other organisms. A
large number of microbial organisms including bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes,
and algae exhibit phosphate solubilization and mineralization ability. Many
soil bacteria have been recognized for their ability to solubilize insoluble
phosphate. These strains of bacteria include: Pseudomonas spp., Agrobacterium
spp., and Bacillus circulans. Other phosphorus solubilizing and mineralizing
bacteria include various strains of Azotobacter, Bacillus, Burkholderia,
Enterobacter, Erwinia, Kushneria, Paenibacillus, Ralstonia, Rhizobium,
Rhodococcus, Serratia, Bradyrhizobium, Salmonella, Sinomonas, and Thiobacillus.
The strains of fungi with P solubilisation ability are: Achrothcium, Alternaria, Arthrobotrys, Aspergillus, Cephalosporium,
Cladosporium, Curvularia, Cunninghamella, Chaetomium, Fusarium, Glomus,
Helminthosporium, Micromonospora, Mortierella, Myrothecium, Oidiodendron,
Paecilomyces, Penicillium, Phoma, Pichia fermentans, Populospora, Pythium,
Rhizoctonia, Rhizopus, Saccharomyces, Schizosaccharomyces, Schwanniomyces,
Sclerotium, Torula, Trichoderma, and Yarrowia. Different species of fungi
can solubilise rock phosphate, aluminium phosphate and tricalcium phosphate.
For the application of phosphate solubilizing Microorganisms to seeds, the
seeds should be surface sterilized, rinsed with sterile water and dried. The
surface disinfected seeds can be coated by soaking seeds in liquid culture
medium of phosphate solubilizing fungi for 2 hr. While inoculation of the seed
using plant and both Aspergillus niger +
Penicillium notatum is recommended. Therefore, the application of phosphate
solubilizing fungi is recommended as a sustainable way for increasing crop
yield.
Chala, D (2019). Review on Role of Phosphate Solubilizing Microorganisms in Sustainable Agriculture. Afribary.com: Retrieved February 27, 2021, from https://afribary.com/works/review-on-role-of-phosphate-solubilizing-microorganisms-in-sustainable-agriculture
Dandessa, Chala. "Review on Role of Phosphate Solubilizing Microorganisms in Sustainable Agriculture" Afribary.com. Afribary.com, 27 Jan. 2019, https://afribary.com/works/review-on-role-of-phosphate-solubilizing-microorganisms-in-sustainable-agriculture . Accessed 27 Feb. 2021.
Dandessa, Chala. "Review on Role of Phosphate Solubilizing Microorganisms in Sustainable Agriculture". Afribary.com, Afribary.com, 27 Jan. 2019. Web. 27 Feb. 2021. < https://afribary.com/works/review-on-role-of-phosphate-solubilizing-microorganisms-in-sustainable-agriculture >.
Dandessa, Chala. "Review on Role of Phosphate Solubilizing Microorganisms in Sustainable Agriculture" Afribary.com (2019). Accessed February 27, 2021. https://afribary.com/works/review-on-role-of-phosphate-solubilizing-microorganisms-in-sustainable-agriculture