Abstract writing is the Last step in every Research Process even though it appears at the preliminary stages/pages of your Research work. You Surprised? Well, It is the Last thing you write in every research work. You will get clearer on this subject as you keep reading me.

An Abstract is an important aspect of your work that will encourage your readers and supervisors to read your work, award you deserving grades. To make your abstract come out best, there are certain techniques you must employ without which you can not effectively execute your Abstract work. These techniques when employed will earn you all the points you need.

Describing, An Abstract is a summary of a Research Project, Thesis, Dissertation, Journal, Essay or Term paper. It can be called a Report of a Research work. It should be devoid of ambiguous words and big grammar. Keep your choice of words simple.

This article is a complete guide which is poised to reveal how a good Abstract should be structured and arranged. I call it the four components of an Abstract. Each paragraph should discuss the following:
Paragraph 1- Background of the study
Paragraph 2-Methodology
Paragraph 3-Findings
Paragraph 4-Conclusion

Background of the Study
The brain box of your research project. This is where the central idea of the study is clearly stated/written. Discuss in brief the Objectives of the research, Problems it seeks to resolve. This should make up the first paragraph of your project. Make it as concise as possible. Let the points in each paragraph lead to the next paragraph.

Methodology
In clear words, state the Research methods employed during your research. This includes your mode of data collection, Data collection methods, Instruments used and how these instruments used got to the targeted population or Institution under study. If you visited yourself state it, you used phone calls indicate, any medium employed, state it clearly.

Findings
The third paragraph of your abstract work is a summary of your results and finding when you applied your method of data collection. In other words, What you found out from your respondents in primary data or from the theory for secondary data mode of data collection is what you write down.

Conclusion
The last phase of your abstract writing. It is a reflection of the whole essence of your Research and problems it helped to tackle. Your additional knowledge to the study should be written as a Recommendation.

Back to my opening sentence, how can you write an abstract when you have not finished your research work? When considering the four components of an ideal abstract, You can only execute it well when you have completed your research work. So, an Abstract is usually written after the study, usually at the reporting stage.

Take a cue from the Abstract done by one of our ardent Researcher:

SYNOPSIS
Quality control can be seen as the activities that sustain the quality of a product in order to satisfy a given requirement or meet certain standards. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary, 2003). It is applicable in all phases of the production cycle. In food products, qualities such as composition, structure (molecular, microscopic and macroscopic), physicochemical and sensory attributes are all analyzed.

These analyses are carried out both to satisfy customers’ and meet regulatory standards for safe and wholesome products to prevent product contamination or adulteration. Good manufacturing practices (GMPs) and Hazard analysis critical control point (HACCP) methods are both used in order to achieve this.

The importance of food safety issues on livelihoods and consumer health needs to be higher on the political agenda in Nigeria. There is a need to identify food safety hazards of main concern to consumer health and livelihoods and where they occur on the food chain.

It is recommended that a multidisciplinary approach based on the HACCP system be used. Although NAFDAC guidelines and activities have helped in the control of Product contamination and in the standardizing of consumer products in Nigeria, there are still a lot of adulterated and substandard products in circulation in the market. This is mainly due to the challenges in checkmating the activities of local/household small scale industries that flood the market with adulterated products repackaged under known/popular brand names. Standardization of small local laboratories with trained staff in conjunction with regulatory authorities might help combat such product safety issues.

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