ABSTRACT This thesis is prepared according to “Publishable manuscript” format of the Sokoine University of Agriculture. It is divided into four sections; the first section presents introduction, problem statement, objectives, rationale of the study and hypothesis while the second section is a review of literature in relation to the work performed. The third section contains four manuscripts which cover the research work done, whereas the last section details overall conclusions of the stu...
ABSTRACT Climate change will affect fishery resources and challenge policy makers to develop sustainable exploitation strategies. However, the information on the impacts of climate change and variability on fishery resources is still fragmentary. The present study gives an overview of literature on the impact of climate change and variability on marine environment and fish populations with a focus on the processes that govern the response of fish to marine environment and climate change. The ...
ABSTRACT The study explored the models of democracy that can be suitably applied to Zimbabwe school education system. This was driven by the fact that most African countries have not adopted proper models democracy in their institutions including schools. The study was also necessitated by the fact that democracy has historically proved to be closely to human flourishing. (Glaeser, Ponzetto & Shleifer, 2006; Halperin and Weinstein, 2005; Mangu, 2004; Pinar, 2003; and Carr, 2000). In light of ...
ABSTRACT The study on which this thesis is based sought to investigate roles of different stakeholders influencing the use of mobile phones in communicating agricultural information in Tanzania. The study arose from the fact that, while information is becoming an important ingredient in agriculture, farmers in Tanzania lack access to agricultural information something which greatly constrains efforts to improve agricultural development. One good thing is that, mobile phone technology which is...
ABSTRACT Farmers in Western Kenya contribute significantly to the Kenyan economy through food and cash crop production such as sugarcane. However, the acidic nature of the soil reduces the yields due to soil fertility problems. Acidity is further accelerated by the long term sugarcane monoculture and long term use of acidifying fertilizers. Cropping systems such as intercropped sugarcane referred to crop diversification is currently advocated and practiced by smallholder farmers. The producti...
ABSTRACT In Tanzania, member ownership in primary Agricultural Marketing Co-operative Societies (AMCOS) is imperative to ensure democratic sustainability. Various efforts have been made to ensure primary AMCOS are governed by democratic practices which are based on member owned practices. But such democratic sustainability is still far from being realised. The general objective of this study was to analyse member ownership factors that influence AMCS practice in Tanzania to attain democratic ...
ABSTRACT Trading in high-value agro-food and fishery products like Nile perch represents one of the main possibilities for reducing poverty in Tanzania. Nile perch earner foreign exchange and provides employment to communities around Lake Victoria. However, Tanzania has experienced challenges in maintaining and expanding her share of global markets given stringent food-safety requirements in the European Union (EU). Following the three EU Nile perch export bans in the 1990s, several efforts h...
ABSTRACT Food insecurity is relatively high in Singida Region although there has been an influx of development related institutions, some of which deal with food security. The extent to which the two were linked was empirically unknown. Therefore, the research for this thesis was conducted in Iramba and Singida Districts of Singida Region to determine the role of institutions in improving food security. The specific objectives were to: (i) to appraise qualitatively the role of institutions in...
ABSTRACT The study on which this thesis is based investigated the impact of land size and farm fragmentation on household welfare in Kilosa District. The specific objectives were to: determine factors affecting household land size, assess the effects of farm size on household income, determine the causes of farm fragmentation, and assess the effect of farm fragmentation on agricultural productivity. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, which was administered to a random sampl...
ABSTRACT The implementation of strategies to improve the academic performance of pupils varies around the world. This could be due to variation in available resources and their utilisation proficiency. In Tanzania, primary education accounted for over 40% of the national education budget from 2008/09 to 2012/2013 Financial Years. The governance of capitation grant (CG) in Government primary schools (GPS) in Morogoro region, as in many other regions of Tanzania, is under school committees (SCs...
Abstract Various ecological and environmental indicators including climate change, soil fertility, water availability and proper agronomic practices that form optimal agricultural systems are needed to be integrated for increasing agricultural productivity in the Tanzanian semi-arid agro-ecological zone. Among these indicators, climate change and soil fertility are the major limiting factors to affect crop yields in this semi-arid agro-ecological zone. To improve crop productivity, this study...
ABSTRACT African swine fever (ASF) is a highly fatal hemorrhagic disease of domestic pigs caused by ASF virus (ASFV) that can cause mortalities reaching up to 100%, depending on the virus strain. There have been sporadic ASF outbreaks in Tanzania that have affected food security and the livelihoods of pig farmers. Previous studies have reported the genetic nature viral strains that caused ASF outbreaks in Tanzania. The present study was conducted to investigate whether new or already describe...
ABSTRACT Wetland ecosystems in Tanzania are historically important for the well being of human communities, biodiversity conservation and other environmental values. These cover about 88 300 km2 which is about 10% of the land surface. However, in recent years, they have gone through ecological changes. The major reason is increased unsustainable utilization of wetland resources, which may result into losses of livelihoods. Under Ecosystem Services Framework (ESF), the role played by healthy e...
ABSTRACT The study on which this manuscript is based was done along the urban-rural continuum (urban, peri-urban and rural) in Morogoro and Iringa to assess household food access security. Specifically, the study sought to: (1) assess the prevalence of household food access insecurity along the urban-rural continuum, (2) determine constraints to household food access security, (3) examine coping strategies and resilience to food access insecurity along the continuum, and (4) assess the influe...
ABSTRACT This study examined synergy between Local Government Authorities (LGAs) and corporates for social service delivery in Kilombero and Mvomero District Councils in which Kilombero and Mtibwa sugar companies are situated, respectively. Specifically, the study aimed at examining the environmental forces challenging LGAs and corporates for social service delivery; assess planning interface between LGAs and corporates for social service delivery; and examine resource complementarity between...