Research Papers/Topics in Public Health

A new model for enabling innovation in appropriate technology for sustainable development

The task of providing for basic human necessities such as food, water, shelter, and employment is growing as the world’s population continues to expand amid climate destabilization. One of the greatest challenges to development and innovation is access to relevant knowledge for quick technological dissemination. However, with the rise and application of advanced information technologies there is a great opportunity for knowledge building, community interaction, innovation, and collaboration...

Maximizar la rentabilidad de la inversión para la salud pública con hardware médico de código abierto

La mayoría de los centros médicos y laboratorios de investigación tienen un acceso limitado a las mejores herramientas debido a los exorbitantes precios del equipo patentado1. Esto resulta en un obstáculo para la salud pública. El tremendo éxito del software gratuito de código abierto2 ha llevado al desarrollo de hardware gratuito de código abierto3. El software gratuito de código abierto puede emplearse, estudiarse, copiarse, modificarse y redistribuirse sin restricción, o con rest...

Aligning Executive Incentives with Global Public Health Goals

Introduction: The World Health Organization (WHO)estimates that together tobacco and alcohol kill about 9 million people annually despite aggressive and widespread public health controls. These legal industries persist because of the demand for their products and their substantial economic influence, which is magnified by the concentration of wealth in the executives of leading corporations that profit from increased legal drug sales.Materials and methods: This preliminary study quantifies th...

Providing Non-food Needs if Industry is Disabled

A number of risks could cause global electrical failure, including a series of high-altitude electromagnetic pulses (HEMPs) caused by nuclear weapons, an extreme solar storm, and a coordinated computer virus attack. Since modern industry depends on electricity, it is likely that much industry and machines would grind to a halt. The most challenging need to be met in these scenarios is likely to be food, and this is analyzed elsewhere in this conference. However, without industry, food cannot ...

3-D Printing Open Source Click-MUAC Bands for Identification of Malnutrition

Objective An effective method for the diagnosis of severe acute malnutrition is the measurement of the middle upper arm circumference (MUAC). Current methods to measure MUAC in a pre-hospital setting is through the use of measuring tape indicators, which require users to be trained in how to apply, adjust the tightness and read the device properly. This represents a challenge to using MUACs in many developing world contexts. This study explores the technical viability to overcome some of thes...

Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease condition that is ravaging the populace today, including Delta State of Nigeria. Dietary habits are implicated in glycaemic control, while a strong network of peer-support has positive impact on self-management behaviour. However, neither diabetes food menu plans nor peer-support network is known to exist in Delta State public health facilities. The objective of this study is development and evaluation purposes. First is to develop pictographs of indigen...

ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION IN EFURUN MARKET, UVWIE LOCAL GOVERNMENT. DELTA STATE.

Abstract Poor market sanitation is a serious problem that has contributed to the spread of infectious diseases and environmental degradation in Nigeria.The study evaluated the level of awareness and practice of solid waste management and problem of waste disposal and managementin Effurun market, a leading food stuff market in Uvwie LGA of Delta state. It reviewed some of the formal and informal waste management programmes implemented in the time past and what led to their failure while exami...

EFFECTS OF GNETUM AFRICANUM WELW. AND OCIMUM GRATISSIMUM LINN. AQUEOUS LEAF EXTRACTS ON THE HAEMATOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES IN CYANIDE-TREATED RATTUS RATTUS

ABSTRACTCyanide toxicity is of public health concern. Cyanide is among the most potent and deadly poisons and sources of potential human exposure to it are numerous, arising through its release into the environment from both natural and anthropogenic sources. Gnetum Africanum (GA) and Ocimum Gratissimum (OG) which contain essential amino acids required to abate cyanide toxicity effects, are widely used local plants for both nutritional and therapeutic purposes in Nigeria. There is dearth of i...

SUBSTANCE ABUSE AND ITS IMPLICATION ON THE HEALTH OF ON-CAMPUS MALE STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALABAR, CALABAR CROSS RIVER STATE.

ABSTRACT The study was designed to determine the health implications of substance abuse among the on-campus male students of the University of Calabar, Cross River State Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive survey design which comprises 320 on-campus male students of the University of Calabar. Simple random sampling technique was used to select the respondents. The instrument for data collection was a self developed validated structured questionnaire with reliability of 0.89. Data generat...

A Critical Comparison of Depression Among Adolescents in Nigeria and the United Kingdom (UK)

Background According to the WHO (2014 d), depression is the number one cause of health problems and disability amongst adolescents (age 10-19 years). Furthermore, suicide which is the third leading cause of death amongst this age group is strongly associated with severe forms of depression (WHO 2014d). Evidence indicates that half of the mental health disorders in adulthood start during adolescence (WHO 2014d).Therefore, proper intervention and prevention of mental health problems amongst ad...

Malaria: A Public Health Menace in Nigeria

 BACKGROUND Nigeria has a tropical climate with temperatures ranging between 250C and 400 C. Average rainfall is about 2,650 millimetres in the southeast to less than 600 millimetres in some part of the north; with areas of mangrove swamps, tropical rain forests, coastal areas, open woodlands and Savannah. This climatic and geographic condition of Nigeria favours the transmission of malaria (Malaria Consortium, 2014), and is in keeping with the endemicity of the disease in the country. How...

The Menace of Poliomyelitis in Northern Nigeria

Background The poliovirus belongs to the enterovirus family and has three serotypes: serotype 1, 2 and 3. In addition, the 3 serotypes do not have cross immunity (Shors 2011). Therefore, immunity against one serotype does not provide immunity against another (WHO 2014c). It is noteworthy that Nigeria has not recorded any incidence of serotype 3 for about one year although the other serotypes still exist in the country (National Primary Healthcare Development Agency-NPHDA 2013). In addition,...

HOW DO TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANTS (TBAS) SUPPORT PREVENTION OF MOTHER TO CHILD TRANSMISSION (PMTCT) OF HIV IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA? A CRITICAL LITERATURE REVIEW

Background: This study is aimed at identifying sustainable and convenient ways that traditional birth attendants (TBAs) could support prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in Sub-Saharan Africa. Method: The study was conducted using a critical literature review methodology. Key words and their alternative terms were identified. A Boolean search was carried out using the keywords and their alternative terms in Global Health, PubMed and Web of ...

Substance abuse and mental health effects among the youth: Implications for research

The aim of the study was to explore the mental health effects of substance abuse among the youth and to examine services put in place in helping mentally disturbed as a result of substance abuse. The study adopted a cross-sectional qualitative research approach. The data was collected through in-depth face to face interviews. Participants were sampled and divided into two sections: youth abusing substances and key informants. They were drawn using purposive and snowball sampling, and data was...

CHRONIC DISEASES CONCERN

Chronic diseases mean that they last a life time or for a long time. People suffering from diseases such as asthma, high blood pressure and diabetes feel stigmatized when they are referred to as disabled. Congestive heart failure and failure of organs is also classified as being chronic. To note, such kind of ailments lead to organs failure, thus lead to disability. Diseases such as asthma for instance make one not to spend life in the normal way; one has to avoid staying in the cold for too ...


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