Introduction: The World Health Organization (WHO)estimates that together tobacco and alcohol kill about 9 million people annually despite aggressive and widespread public health controls. These legal industries persist because of the demand for their products and their substantial economic influence, which is magnified by the concentration of wealth in the executives of leading corporations that profit from increased legal drug sales.Materials and methods: This preliminary study quantifies th...
A number of risks could cause global electrical failure, including a series of high-altitude electromagnetic pulses (HEMPs) caused by nuclear weapons, an extreme solar storm, and a coordinated computer virus attack. Since modern industry depends on electricity, it is likely that much industry and machines would grind to a halt. The most challenging need to be met in these scenarios is likely to be food, and this is analyzed elsewhere in this conference. However, without industry, food cannot ...
Objective An effective method for the diagnosis of severe acute malnutrition is the measurement of the middle upper arm circumference (MUAC). Current methods to measure MUAC in a pre-hospital setting is through the use of measuring tape indicators, which require users to be trained in how to apply, adjust the tightness and read the device properly. This represents a challenge to using MUACs in many developing world contexts. This study explores the technical viability to overcome some of thes...
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease condition that is ravaging the populace today, including Delta State of Nigeria. Dietary habits are implicated in glycaemic control, while a strong network of peer-support has positive impact on self-management behaviour. However, neither diabetes food menu plans nor peer-support network is known to exist in Delta State public health facilities. The objective of this study is development and evaluation purposes. First is to develop pictographs of indigen...
Background: This study is aimed at identifying sustainable and convenient ways that traditional birth attendants (TBAs) could support prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in Sub-Saharan Africa. Method: The study was conducted using a critical literature review methodology. Key words and their alternative terms were identified. A Boolean search was carried out using the keywords and their alternative terms in Global Health, PubMed and Web of ...
The aim of the study was to explore the mental health effects of substance abuse among the youth and to examine services put in place in helping mentally disturbed as a result of substance abuse. The study adopted a cross-sectional qualitative research approach. The data was collected through in-depth face to face interviews. Participants were sampled and divided into two sections: youth abusing substances and key informants. They were drawn using purposive and snowball sampling, and data was...
Chronic diseases mean that they last a life time or for a long time. People suffering from diseases such as asthma, high blood pressure and diabetes feel stigmatized when they are referred to as disabled. Congestive heart failure and failure of organs is also classified as being chronic. To note, such kind of ailments lead to organs failure, thus lead to disability. Diseases such as asthma for instance make one not to spend life in the normal way; one has to avoid staying in the cold for too ...
Objective: Bladder tumor antigen (BTA) is a common biomarker for urothelial carcinoma while bladder wall thickening (BWT) is a sign of urinary bladder irritation which suggests cystitis or early-stage bladder cancer pathology, most especially in the absence of bladder outlet obstruction. The aim of this study was to find the incidence of urinary bladder thickness and evaluate the relationship between BTA and BWTin a low schistosomiasis-endemic Nigerian village. Materials and Methods: The stud...
Abstract Background: Antiretroviral therapy is a drug treatment that plays a great role in reduction of mortality among children infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Studies in Africa have shown that there is short survival time among children receiving antiretroviral therapy. Factors that contribute to low survival probability have been poorly described in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in Ethiopia. Objective: The study was conducted to estimate the survival time and identify as...
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Fertility is the major component of population dynamics, which is used to show a major role in the size, and structure of a particular population. In Ethiopia, total fertility rate is 4.6 children per woman. This high fertility brings a significant problem on the health of mothers and children. OBJECTIVE: To identify the determinants of high fertility in Angacha District, Southern Ethiopia. METHOD: A community-based case-control study design was conducted from Septem...
Abstract: Although avertable and treatable, pneumonia is still one of the top five causes of mortality in the developing world especially in Southern Africa. One major challenge being faced globally today in the field of public health is the pneumococcal resistance to antibiotics both in infants and adults. The purpose of this review was to compare rates and causes of treatment failure in South Africa, Zambia, Malawi, and Mozambique. Articles used for this review were searched for in electro...
This study assessed the preference of orthodox and traditional medicine in malaria treatment among community members in Enerhen, Delta-state Nigeria. A cross-sectional study design was adopted for the study to assess 375 participants selected through systematic sampling in Enerhen community. Data was collected through a semi-structured questionnaire and was analyzed for descriptive statistics, chi-square and ANOVA test at p