Research Papers/Topics in Public Health

Legalization Of Abortion A Necessary Tool To Reduce Maternal Mortality In Nigeria? Assessing The Perception And Support Of The Public In Enugu Urban

ABSTRACT Background: Abortion is highly controversial in Nigeria and has given rise to an ongoing debate concerning its legalization as a solution to Nigeria’s high maternal mortality ratio. But not much is known about the public’s perception and support for legal abortion as a veritable means to reduce maternal death in Nigeria. Objective: The study was designed to assess the perception and support of the public in Enugu urban, of legalization of abortion, as a necessary tool to reduce ...

Contraception amongst Senior Secondary School Students in Ibadan North-East Local Government Area of Oyo State

ABSTRACT Over the recent years, sexual activities among students in Secondary Schools in Nigeria, particularly those in urban areas, are thought to be high and increasing# The resultant unwanted pregnancies and illegal abortions among these young unmarried population are creating social and health problems (Nichols, et al, 1986). According to previous research findings, included in the causative factors responsible for this unfortunate situation, cure the problems of poor knowledge of Family ...

Perceived Quality Of Life And Social Support Received By The Elderly In Ibadan North Local Government Area, Oyo State, Nigeria

ABSTRACT The elderly (people aged 65years and above) constitute over 3% of the Nigerian population. The increasing number and vulnerability to numerous geriatric health and social problems associated with this age group make their well-being and Quality Of Life (QOL) an important issue. However, few studies exist on social support and the different aspects of QOL among the elderly in Nigeria. This study was therefore designed to explore the perceived QOL and social support received by the el...

Sexual Harassment and Coping Strategies among Students of the School of Nursing, University College Hospital, Ibadan

ABSTRACT Sexual Harassment (SH) which covers a continuum of behavioural patterns ranging from unwanted verbal advances to physical assault constitutes a major reproductive health concern worldwide. In Nigeria, studies have shown that students in institutions of higher learning are vulnerable to SH. However, its prevalence among student nurses has not been adequately explored. This study therefore determined the prevalence of SH among students of School of Nursing, University College Hospital...

An Exploration Of Clinical Governance Interventions In The Western Cape Department Of Health Over The Past Twenty Years

Abstract The tension between the increasing cost of healthcare provision and the need to provide a quality level of care to a rising number of people is a global phenomenon. A focus on one over the other could result in a rise in adverse patient outcomes, or a health system too costly to be sustainable. Clinical governance is an approach policymakers can use to walk the middle line of creating a healthcare service that meets quality of care standards in a cost-effective manner, as has been d...

Prevalence Of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus And Associated Risk Factors Among Local Government Workers At Bariadi Town Council, Tanzania

ABSTRACT  Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is the predominant form of human diabetes. It is worldwide increasing rapidly. In Tanzania, over 1.7 million people have diabetes, about 1.3 million live undiagnosed and prevalence is higher in urban than rural areas. The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of T2DM and associated risk factors among Local Government Authority workers at Bariadi Town Council, Tanzania. A cross-sectional study approach was applied, five clusters of study units w...

Assessment Of Bacterial Quality And Associated Handling Practices Of Unpasteurised Fruit Juices Vended In Dar Es Salaam City, Tanzania

ABSTRACT Fresh fruit juices are essential components of human diet and there is considerable evidence of health and nutritional benefits associated with their consumption. However, during processing contamination from raw materials, equipment or food handlers could be easily transferred to the final product of the juices resulting to food-borne illness. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess bacterial quality and associated handling practices of unpasteurised fruit juices vended in ...

Nutritional Assessment Of Prisoners Living With Hiv/Aids In Selected Prisons In Tanzania

ABSTRACT This study was conducted to assess the nutritional status of prisoners living with HIV/ AIDS in Tanzania prisons. A total of 768 (384 HIV-infected, 384 non-infected) prisoners were assessed for nutritional status, dietary intake, Hb status and body fat mass. Results showed that, 75.5% (N=768) of prisoners had good nutritional status of whom 38.3% were HIV-infected and 37.2% were non-infected inmates. About 6.6% (N=768) of the inmates were under-weight, (2.9% HIV-infected, 3.7% non-H...

Awareness Of Health Risks As A Result Of Consumption Of Raw Milk In Arusha City And Meru District, Tanzania

ABSTRACT A cross-sectional study was conducted in Arusha city and Meru District Council, Tanzania, from October to December 2012, to assess the awareness of smallholder dairy farmers, milk vendors and milk retailers to milk quality and health risks associated with raw milk consumption. A total of 105 respondents were interviewed and milk samples collected for laboratory analysis. Laboratory assessment included physical and microbial quality using standard procedures and antibiotic residues u...

Molecular Studies Of Brucellosis In Selected Wild Animal Species In Serengeti Ecosystem, Northern Tanzania

ABSTRACT Brucellosis is a contagious bacterial zoonotic disease worldwide of public health and economic importance. The disease affects all species of livestock, wild animals and humans leading to severe economic losses in animals and permanent injury, disabling sequel and financial loss in humans. A cross-sectional study was carried out in the Serengeti ecosystem between November 2017 and June 2018 to explore the occurrence and magnitude of Brucella infection and circulating Brucella strain...

Assessment Of Antibiotic Residues In Raw Cows’ Milk Produced By Small Scale Dairy Farms In Bagamoyo District, Tanzania

ABSTRACT A cross-sectional study was conducted in Bagamoyo District, Tanzania between October, 2013 and March, 2014 to assess the antibiotic residues in raw cows’ milk produced by small-scale dairy farms. One hundred and ten small-scale dairy farmers were interviewed at household level on the handling and use of veterinary drugs, access to and availability of veterinary services, livestock diseases frequency and means of treatment, most commonly used antibiotic, awareness of drug residues ...

The Use Of Complementary And Alternative Medicine Among Adults Hiv Patients In Esut Teaching Hospital, Parklane Enugu

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Since the first case of HIV/AIDS was reported in Nigeria in 1986, HIV/AIDS has continued to penetrate the fabrics of all sectors of the Nigerian population and the complex health and social issues associated with living with HIV has made the people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) to often turned to complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) to compliment their management with antiretroviral therapy (ART). This study was to explore the prevalence of complementary and alter...

Assessment Of Milk Handling Practices And Bacterial Contaminations Along The Dairy Value Chain In Lushoto And Handeni Districts, Tanzania

ABSTRACT Contaminated milk is responsible for up to 90% of all dairy-related diseases of humans. A cross sectional study was carried out in Lushoto and Handeni districts of Tanga, Tanzania to determine the milk handling practices, bacterial contamination and selected milk-borne zoonotic pathogens along the dairy value chain. A total of 93 respondents were interviewed and 184 milk and milk product samples were collected. Laboratory analysis of total and coliform plate counts, detection of Esc...

Effect Of Pirimiphos-Methyl On Esterase Activities In Oreochromis Niloticus In Morogoro, Tanzania

ABSTRACT This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Actellic Super (pirimiphos-methyl) in Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) in Mvomero District, Morogoro, Tanzania. Field surveys using questionnaire interviews were used to collect sociological data from households that own fish ponds. The response of Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and Pseudocholinesterase (BuChE/PChE) activities in O. niloticus as a result of Organophosphates (OPs) and carbaryl waterborne exposure was determined i...

Prevalence And Risk Factors For Brucellosis Transmission In Goats In Morogoro, Tanzania

ABSTRACT Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease that causes a great socio-economic as well as a public health concern worldwide. Limited studies have been conducted to determine the prevalence of brucellosis in small ruminants kept in the pastoral and agropastoral grazing systems of Tanzania. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of Brucella infections and risk factors for its transmission to human in Morogoro region, Tanzania. A cross sectional study was conducted in nine wards of...


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