Abstract A nonlinear Black-Scholes Partial Dierential Equation whose nonlinearity is as a result of transaction costs and a price slippage impact that lead to market illiquidity with feedback eects was studied. Most of the solutions obtained in option pricing especially using nonlinear equations are numerical which gives approximate option values. To get exact option values, analytic solutions for these equations have to be obtained. Analytic solutions to the nonlinear Black-Scholes Partial D...
ABSTRACT Hospital is an essential welfare of society. It provides management of illnesses through treatment and prevention interventions by medical and health professionals. Due to growing population and rise in chronic diseases, there is an increased demand for health care services. This causes congestion and overcrowding in most hospitals. Hospital overcrowding is a major problem to patients, hospital administration and to the general health workers. Hospitals in many jurisdictions struggle...
ABSTRACT This thesis reports on a statistical analysis on risk factors associated with under-five mortality in Namibia. Secondary data were obtained from the 2013 Namibia Demographic and Health Survey data. Children survival was measured by age at death and the event variable was whether the children were still alive or dead after the first five (years) of their lives. Variables included were maternal education, mother’s marital status, the age of the mother at first birth, preceding birth ...
ABSTRACT This work suggests an exact and systematic model identification approach which is entirely new and addresses most of the challenges of existing methods. We developed quadratic discriminant functions for various orders of autoregressive moving average (ARMA) models. An Algorithm that is to be used alongside our functions was also developed. In achieving this, three hundred sets of time series data were simulated for the development of our functions. Another twenty five sets of simulat...
ABSTRACT Much research has been advanced in the development of Monte Carlo methods for stochastic processes. A particular focus is on sequential Monte Carlo methods (particle filters and particle smoothers) and the Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm which allows the estimation of a class of Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) with nonlinear, non-Gaussian state-space models. The Stochastic Volatility (SV) model can be regarded as a nonlinear state space model. SV model has become increasingly pop...
ABSTRACT Maternal mortality is a major health concern in Namibia as it is the case in most countries. The rate at which women are dying due to pregnancy related causes is high and the cause as well as risk factors are not well explored. The main objective of this research was to identify the causes and risk factors associated with maternal mortality in Namibia and thus the study described the socio-demographic characteristics and three delays that lead to maternal deaths in Namibia. The paper...
ABSTRACT Spatial modelling is one approach that can serve as a basic tool in identifying areas that need intervention. Understanding the spatial distribution of indicators is of vital importance, as it help with national planning and decision-making. Different models such as Conditional Autoregressive (CAR) can be used in spatial modelling. However, these models pose analytic and statistical inferential challenges especially when non-continuous and multivariate response are involved. Therefor...
ABSTRACT Namibia is experiencing an increase in its population living in urban areas due to rapid urbanisation. However, this growth has not been the same in all parts of the country. Currently the biggest growth rate is experienced in Windhoek, which is home to about 16% of the total population. Due to rapid population growth, Windhoek has been facing a number of challenges such as high unemployment rate, illegal land occupation, and development of informal settlements among others. As a res...
Abstract Fatalities caused by road traffic accidents have become a major concern worldwide and road traffic accidents happen almost every day on Namibian national roads claiming lives of many road users. It is predicted that by 2030, road crash fatalities would be the fifth most frequent cause of death worldwide. Many efforts have been made to prevent loss of lives and to curb down the MVA expenses on compensations due to road traffic accident; however, road traffic fatalities are still on th...
Abstract The main objective of the study was to examine gender-specific and shared spatial variation in HIV testing and condom use in Namibia for targeted health promotion interventions. The study used data from the Namibia Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) carried out between 2006 and 2007. Bayesian hierarchical spatial mapping techniques were applied to generate specific and shared spatial patterns in HIV testing and condom use. Particularly, a number of Bayesian Structured Additive Regr...
ABSTRACT The complexity of a face’s components originates from the constant variations in the facial component that occur with respect to time. Notwithstanding these variations, humans recognize a person very easily using physical characteristics such as face, voice, gait, etc. Automatic face recognition deals with extracting these essential features from an image, placing them into a suitable representation and performing some kind of recognition on them. This study presents an assessment...
ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to find the socio-economic determinants of child labour and schooling in Ghana. To this end, the 2003 Ghana Child Labour Survey data was analysed. The main techniques used were the simple logistic regression and multilevel logistic regression analysis. Results of the analysis showed that gender of head of household, marital status of parents, father’s occupation, mother’s occupation, relationship to head of household, place of residence, literacy ...
ABSTRACT Malnutrition remains a factor, directly or indirectly, in 60% of 11 million deaths of children aged less than five years globally each year. Hence, proper nutrition during infancy and early childhood is fundamental to the development of a child’s potential for normal growth, development, and survival of infants and children, particularly in developing. This study intent was to examine feeding patterns, practices and factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding and complementary...
ABSTRACT Globally, with rapid urbanization in most cities of the World, more people are now living in urban areas than in rural areas. The housing backlog coupled with a shortage of housing subsidies means that for many there is no alternative but to live in informal settlements. Urban food insecurity is often overlooked since, at the aggregate level, economic and social conditions in urban areas are much better than those in rural areas. The urban poor often live in neighbourhoods with poo...
ABSTRACT The poor performance of grade 10 learners has been a big concern over the last few years and in the effort to understand this phenomenon there has been efforts to present models that explain it. Modelling semi-continuous data with the presence of excess zeros has become a common phenomenon in real life situations. Common models such as linear models cannot handle zero-inflated data. This study aimed at exploring the factors which influence Khomas Region grade 10 learners’ pass rat...