Abstract: The mobile demands and future business context are anticipated to be resolved by the fifth-generation (5G) of mobile communication systems. It is expected to provide an utterly mobile device, connected society, and support the demanding services of various use cases (UCs). This is intended to meet the demand requirement by providing services at tens of Gbps in terms of data rates, higher mobility range, lower latencies, and massive connectivity density devices per square kilometer....
Abstract: The rapid development of wireless technology has sparked interest in multi-band reconfigurable antennas as devices and satellites are innovating toward miniaturization. With limited space, reliable and efficient high bandwidth antenna systems are needed for current and next-generation wireless technology as well as for the revolutionary small satellites. The fifth generation of mobile communication technology promises high data rates, low latency and good spectrum efficiency. O...
Abstract: The Smart Grid (SG) as an intelligent power network, depends on a reliable and efficient communication network to provide two-way communication, which is a prime feature of the smart grid. Many researchers have proposed cognitive radio (CR) as a viable wireless communication technology that can be adapted for smart grid communication in order to improve spectrum utilisation and address communication challenges being faced by conventional wireless communication technologies. A major...
Abstract: The increase in the number of linked technological devices, coupled with devices with new multimedia based services has resulted in the growing demand for high data rate communication and a spectrum crisis. Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is a promising candidate for better utilisation of spectrum and to address the high data demands in current and future communication systems. This work addresses the utilization of NOMA under power minimization and user admission strategies....
Abstract: The minimal cost, high efficiency and low power consumption of the Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL) gives it an additional advantage when used in applications like fibre optical communication systems to meet the growth of data communication traffic. However, development of VCSELs working at longer wave lengths (1.3- 1.55 µm) has been limited by the inherent material problem making VCSELs longitudinal single-modes emitters. These problems among commonly used fibre opt...
Abstract: The use of the millimeter wave (mmWave) spectrum and further exploration of sub mmWave has led to a new era in wireless communication, as the need for higher data rates grows. High frequencies, on one hand, incur a higher path loss, requiring an increase in antenna gain requirements. Metasurfaces, which emerge as a promis ing technology for mitigating path loss effects by utilizing 2D arrays of engineered meta-atoms resembling metamaterials that control the surface’s electromagne...
Abstract: In spite of the numerous advantages of employing free space optical (FSO) communication systems as viable complementary platforms for next-generation networks, the presence of atmospheric disturbances such as fog and scintillations are major sources of signal impairment which degrade system performance. Consequently, it becomes imperative to investigate and contextualize the unique climatic conditions in those locations where FSO links are to be deployed. Statistical evaluation of ...
Abstract: Long Range (LoRa) is a popular low power wide area network (LPWAN) technology which operates in the Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) frequency band transmitting information over ranges in excess of 20 km and 5 km in rural and urban landscapes respectively. This is of significance in applications where LoRa may be used as a terrestrial navigation system, or in any wireless sensor network (WSN) applications. A key system performance parameter for network planning and covera...
Abstract: Two main classes of radio navigation systems are satellite and ground-based systems. Examples of such systems are eLoran deployed as a terrestrial system, and BeiDou, Galileo, GPS and Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS) deployed as satellite Navigation Systems. These systems have been investigated in different navigation use-cases using a hybrid receiver capable of receiving any navigation signal. The goal of this paper is to demonstrate LoRa’s capability as a signal of opportun...
Abstract: Research has shown that a huge portion of the electromagnetic spectrum is underutilized. Over the years, cognitive radio has been demonstrated as an efficient dynamic spectrum management technique. Energy detection is one of the widely used spectrum sensing techniques. However, its performance is limited by factors such as multipath fading and shadowing, which makes it prone to errors, particularly in low signal-to-noise ratio conditions. Yet, it still has a low computational cost,...
Abstract: LoRa is a communication scheme that is part of the low power wide area network (LPWAN) technology using ISM bands. It has seen extensive documentation and use in research and industry due to its long coverage ranges of up-to 20 km or more with less than 14 dB transmit power. Moreover, some applications report theoretical battery lives of up to 10 years for field deployed modules utilising the scheme in wireless sensor network (WSN) applications. Additionally, the scheme is very r...
Abstract: This paper investigates distributed algorithms for joint power allocation and user association in heterogeneous networks. We propose auction-based algorithms for offloading macrocell users (MUs) from the macrocell base station to privately owned small-cell access points (SCAs). We first propose a simultaneous multiple-round ascending auction (SMRA) for allocating MUs to SCAs. Taking into account the overheads incurred by SCAs during valuation in the SMRA, further improvements are p...
ABSTRACT The project is designed to automatically supply continuous power to a load through one of the three sources of supply that are: solar, mains and generator or to combine the sources to supply the load all together at the same time. The three socket outlets represent the three sources. The sockets outlets are connected to three step down transformers which reduce the input 230V or 240V to 12Vac. These 12Vac are rectified and regulated to 5Vdc which act as an input to the microcontrolle...
TABLE OF CONTENTSDECLARATION ............................................................................................................................. iAPPROVAL ....................................................................................................................................iiDEDICATION................................................................................................................................iiiACKNOWLEDGEMENT.............................................
TABLE OF CONTENTSDECLARATION....................................................................................................................................iDEDICATION.......................................................................................................................................iiACKNOWLEDGMENT ......................................................................................................................iiiAPPROVAL................................................