Research Papers/Topics in Cell Biology and Genetics

Comparison Of Genexpert And Line Probe Assay For Detection Of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis And Rifampicin Mono-Resistance In Kenya

ABSTRACT Tuberculosis (TB) causes substantial human morbidity and mortality globally. About 10.4 million TB cases and 1.4 million deaths worldwide were reported in 2015. Kenya is among the 22 countries with highest TB burden. Microscopy is routinely used for Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli (Mtb) detection; however its sensitivity has been reported to be as low as 60% posing a problem for case detection. Rifampicin (RIF) is one of the major drugs for first line TB treatment; however, most p...

Immunohistochemical Evaluation Of The Differention-Related Gene-1 Expression In And Survival Rates Of Er Breast Cancer Women Patients Attending Moi Teaching And Referral Hospital In Kenya

ABSTRACT Breast cancer is a disease that affects both men and women and currently the leading type of cancer in women globally, commanding a huge social and health impact. Approximately 52.5% of breast cancer cases express estrogen receptors (ER). ER is a receptor proteins type of breast cancer and it fuels growth of breast cancer. ER breast cancer which has been shown to be the most aggressive and misdiagnosed thus, leading to overtreatment. However, it has not been study in Africans Kenyan ...

Antibiotic Resistance Mechanisms In Salmonella Spp Isolated From Rastrineobola Argentea From Selected Markets And Winam Gulf Beaches- Kenya

ABSTRACT Incidence of Salmonella resistance to various antibiotic agents, especially to the commonly available antibiotics in Kenya, is rising. Genetic elements such as Class 1 integrons have an important role in development and spread of resistance. In western Kenya, integron-mediated antibiotic resistance was reported in clinical Salmonella enteric serovars. However, no similar studies have been done to elucidate the role of class 1 integrons in fish isolates for multidrug resistant Salmone...

Association Of Serumestradiol Levels And Bone Marrow Estrogen Receptor Densities In Acute Myelocytic Leukemia Patients In Moi Teaching And Referral Hospital, Kenya

ABSTRACT Acute Myelocytic Leukemia (AML) is a cancer of the bone marrow characterized by arrested maturation along with uncontrolled proliferation of hematopoietic progenitor cells. Mostly, it affects persons of age 65years and above. In AML, there is absence or low amounts of Estrogen Receptors in the bone marrow. Various studies have associated Estradiol to the variation of ER. However, the exact role Estradiol is still not known in association with the onset and progression of AML. The mai...

Evaluation Of The Genotoxicity Of Antiretroviral Drugs On Allium Cepa And Male Fertility In Two Generations Of Mice

ABSTRACT The potential of the antiretroviral drugs zidovudine and nevirapine to induce genotoxicity was evaluated using the Allium cepa and the mice models. Four doses per antiretroviral were used in the Allium cepa chromosomal aberration assay while three doses per antiretroviral were used for the mouse study. The Allium cepa study consisted of the 96hr root growth inhibition, the 48hr recovery and the 48hr chromosomal aberration phases to determine the EC50; ascertain if root growth inhibi...

Evaluation Of Glycine Max (L. Merrill) And Lycopersicon Esculentum (Mill) In Remediation Of Crude Oil Polluted Soil

ABSTRACT The potentials of using Gycine max and Lycopersicon esculentum in remediating soil polluted with crude oil were investigated. The investigation involved screening of four accessions each of the two crops fro germination, survival and growth. The mitotic divisons of the accessions of G. max were further examined. The plant height, dry matter content, leaf area, chlorophyll content and pod production rate of the TGX 1440-1E accession of G. Max was also accessed. This was followed by in...

Toxico- Pharmacological Properties Of ‘Joloo’ : A Herbal Preparation Used In The Management Of Tumours

ABSTRACT Joloo is a formulation extracted from seven medicinal plants used in folk medicine practice for the management and treatment of breast cancer and some other health malaise in southwestern Nigeria. The study evaluates some of its traditionally acclaimed pharmacological properties in mice and rats as well as the safety of Joloo. Three toxicity levels of study which included acute, subchronic and chronic toxicity were undertaken to evaluate the extract. Joloo was prepared using plants i...

Remediative Abilities Of Cowpea (Vigna Unguiculata), Bambara Groundnut (Vigna Subterranean) And Maize (Zea Mays) On Soils Polluted With Lead And Zinc

ABSTRACT Accessions Tvu 3788 and IT 99K-377-1, Tvsu 102 and Tvsu 1685 and ACR.91SUWANI-SRC1 and DMR-LSRW of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranean) and Maize (Zea mays) respectively were subjected to lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) treatment and screened for their ability to tolerate these metals. Accessions Tvu 3788, Tvsu 102 and ACR.91SUWANI-SRC1 of cowpea, bambara groundnut and maize respectively were chosen and used for the experiment. The toxic effects of lead and zinc...

The Role Of Melanin Production In The Survival Of Vibrio Cholerae In The Marine Environment

Abstract The marine bacterium Vibrio cholerae produces pyomelanin through the catabolism of L-tyrosine to homogentisic acid. Various types of melanins are used by microbes as defense mechanisms against a variety of environmental stresses. This thesis investigated the defensive role of V. cholerae pyomelanin against exogenous stresses, particularly hydrogen-peroxide (HzOz). A V. cholerae 569B melanin-deficient mutant was created by insertional inactivation of ppdA, which encodes for p-hydroxyp...

Investigating Factors Influencing Variation In P. Falciparum Invasion Phenotyping Assays

ABSTRACT Malaria caused by P. falciparum, is the most life-threatening human parasitic disease, claiming over 400,000 deaths from about 200 million cases in 2017. Despite the yet unsuccessful efforts in the quest for an effective malaria vaccine, antigens expressed in the erythrocytic stage of P. falciparum represent highly promising vaccine candidates given their natural exposure to the immune system. Understanding the mechanism of erythrocyte invasion by P. falciparum mainly during active c...

Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells And Preeclampsia In Women With Placental Malaria

ABSTRACT Background Placental malaria and preeclampsia are major complications of pregnancy associated with high incidence of maternal/foetal morbidity and mortality particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Similarities in pathophysiology such as systemic inflammation and generalized endothelial activation/dysfunction exist and are exacerbated in concurrent situations. The combined pathologic and immunologic effects of these pregnancy disorders, prevalent in malaria endemic regions, have not been ...

Evaluation Of Medicines For Malaria Venture (Mmv) Compound Library For Potency Against P. Falciparum Clinical Isolates

ABSTRACT The resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to artemisinin and its derivatives underscore the need for new sets of antimalarials with novel mechanisms of action. Towards the development of new, affordable and easily accessible antimalarial drugs for endemic regions, there is the need to screen more compounds for their antimalarial activity. Several studies on different compound classes have been conducted using laboratory strains of P. falciparum. However, not much is known of their pote...

Plasma Kisspeptin Levels in Type 2 Diabetic Males at The Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital

ABSTRACT  People living with type 2 diabetes mellitus is on the increase and research has established that there is decreased secretion of testosterone in Type 2 Diabetic Mellitus males which may be linked to decreased levels of kisspeptin secretion that can cause the development of diabetic complications such as erectile dysfunction. Decreased kisspeptin levels have strongly been linked to decreased secretion of gonadotropins from the pituitary gland and this causes type 2 diabetic males to...

Elucidating The Molecular Mechanisms Underlying The Subcellular Distribution of PF3D7_0410600 Protein in The Malaria Parasite

ABSTRACT Malaria still poses a global threat despite the enormous research and intervention strategies that have been employed to curb the menace of the disease over the years. This has necessitated the characterization of novel drug targets for the development of new intervention against malaria. In this study, I identified two novel P. falciparum proteins (PF3D7_0410600 and PF3D7_1459400) and used cellular/biochemical approaches to characterize the proteins. Analysis of the protein sequenc...


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