ABSTRACT The fast pace of economic growth in Kenya has created a large demand for meat products. This stands at an annual average of about 600,000 metric tonnes of red meat which is expected to continue rising according to global animal product consumption trends. Consequent challenges in management of increasing volumes of high strength wastewater have necessitated ardent research into sustainable technologies, for which vertical flow wetlands offer a promising solution. Three month experime...
ABSTRACT This study aimed at determining the quality of wild vegetables under different growing conditions. Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire and single time collected samples from planted wild vegetables were laboratory tested to determine nutrient values. SAS statistical tool was used to analyse the data. Vitamin C content was found to be highest in Solanun scabrum (3.40 ± 0.1mg/100gm) under forest conditions, followed by Launaea cornuta (3.1 ± 0.1mg/100gm) under...
ABSTRACT The attainment of green economy and low carbon climate resilient development in Kenya may be hindered by competing human interest on forests and other natural resources. Eastern Mau forest has experienced anthropogenic disturbance through encroachment and forest fires; that situation prompted the deployment of heterogeneous forest management. This study aimed at comparing the soil carbon stocks and soil CO2 effluxes in different forest management regimes on as well as how soil tempe...
ABSTRACT Climate change is among the great challenges facing pastoralistse specially milk producing pastoralists in Tanzania. The main objective of this study was to assess the climate change effect on grazing land and quantity of milk produced by pastoralist in Mvomero District. Specifically, the study aimed at determining rainfall and temperature trends of Mvomero District over the past 30 years and their consequence on pasture resources and the quantity of milk produced by pastoralists. A...
ABSTRACT A study was conducted to evaluate housefly maggots (HFM) and earthworms (EW) as protein sources in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus diets. HFM and EWM were raised in three different culturing substrates. Cow manure, fermented maize bran and chicken manure were used to culture HFM while cow manure, rabbit manure and chicken manure were used for culturing EW. Yields of HFM and EW from chicken and cow manure respectively were significantly higher (P
ABSTRACT Wetlands are among the most valuable natural resources providing a number of ecosystem services (ES) such as food, raw materials, water supply and space for recreation. Since wetlands provide a variety of ecosystem services including providing food and water, many stakeholders rely on this ecosystem for their livelihoods. This reliance and continued use may lead to a decline in ecosystem services provided by these wetlands. Lutembe Bay wetland in Uganda situated on the shores of Lake...
ABSTRACT This work reported in this dissertation was conducted in Kiwengwa-Pongwe Forest Reserve (KPFR) in Zanzibar. Specifically, the study assessed the forest structure, carbon stock and forest degradation. Eleven transects were laid out in the North – South direction and plots located along each transect. The distance between transects was 600 meters and plots were laid down systematically at intervals of 300 meters along each transect. Clusters of concentric circular plots of 5, 10 to ...
ABSTRACT The overall objective of the study was to assess the status of rice diseases under system of rice intensification (SRI) and farmer’s production system in Morogoro. A checklist survey in nine farmer fields was done and later experiments at Sokoine University of Agriculture, Crop Museum for two seasons. The experiment was laid down in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications. The treatments were three different types of spacing 25 cm x 25 cm for SRI, 20 cm x 20 cm for ...
ABSTRACT The current study was carried out during September 2006 to March 2007 in six villages namely Sawala, Kisada, Ikongosi, Sao-Hill, Ihowanza and Igomaa in Mufindi District, Iringa Region, Tanzania. The objective of the study was to determine the extent of dissemination and adoption of Agroforestry by the local communities and indicate the mechanism of scaling up its performance. Specifically it checked on the current status of dissemination and adoption of agroforestry practices, ident...
ABSTRACT This study sought to analyse marketing chain of sawnwood from Mufindi District to Dares-salaam City and Arusha Municipality. Specifically, the study focused on examining the existing marketing chain of sawnwood, assessing chain’s key actors and how they develop chain strategy in the marketing of sawnwood, identifying main factors affecting marketing chain from producers to enduse manufactures, determining preliminary estimate of marketing margins at wholesale and retail sale nodes...
ABSTRACT This study was undertaken to analyse economic determinants for households involvement in fishing for livelihoods in coastal villages of Bagamoyo District. Specifically, trend in the number of fishers for ten years in coastal villages were determined, factors influencing household decision to be involved in fishing were examined and household income structure was analysed. Three villages were randomly selected and thirty households were randomly selected from each village. Primary da...
ABSTRACT Fishing sector is responsible for providing critical income for many families within fishing communities. Fishing activities explain the levels of income in which at the end indicate whether a given fishing household is benefiting.This studywas undertaken to assess the contribution of fishing to the household income in Mafia District.The data were collected from random sampled 120 household heads using several methods such as questionnaire survey; Focus Group Discussions (FGD), chec...
ABSTRACT Agriculture is an important source of food and economic survival of rural populations in Tanzania however farming activities are highly affected by rainfall variability which cause loss in crops and livestock yield. This study explored adaptation strategies to rainfall variability, socioeconomic factors influencing maize production in mixed farming systems. Specifically, assessed the trends in rainfall and maize production, determined the relationship between trends, identified farm...
ABSTRACT The fragmentation of forests into smaller isolated patches is a threat to biodiversity conservation. Fragmentation reduces the forest area and increases forest edge effect. Reduction in forested area may lead to increased local species extinctions, while effects of increased forest edge alter species interactions by increasing the degree of interaction among edge and forest interior species. Intensification of land uses surrounding forest patches resulting from population increase ex...
ABSTRACT Forest ecosystems have been a valuable source of economic wellbeing of human populations for centuries, particularly to the forest adjacent communities. The relationship between human wellbeing and ecosystems consist of complex systems that are mostly nonlinear, uncertain and often not clearly understood. To enhance forest sustainability, the deliberate evaluation of ecosystem services, human interactions and appropriate ways to involve the public in management is imperative. However...