ABSTRACT Background: Over the years the prevalence of HIV in Ghana has reduced significantly; from a peak of 3.6% in 2003 it is now recorded as 1.6% - in 2014. Prevalence among young persons (15-24 years) which is quoted as a proxy for incidence is reported as 1.8%, higher than the national prevalence. This clearly depicts the fact that although some gains have been made in containing the disease, they remain fragile. The need to examine other unconventional means to control transmission is a...
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Cardiac arrest is a significant public health problem projected to account for 15–20% of all deaths. It is also recorded by WHO to be an important cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in both developed and developing countries. Cardiac arrest if not treated immediately, can cause sudden cardiac death. With fast and appropriate medical care, survival is possible. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is a lifesaving medical procedure for victims of sudden cardiac arre...
ABSTRACT Background: The growing recognition of the critical importance of providing care to mothers and newborns and the substantial gaps in coverage that exists have prompted a paradigm shift in responding to maternal and new born health issues. Invariably, the health care that a mother receives during pregnancy, at the time of delivery, and soon after delivery is important for the survival and well-being of both the mother and her child. However, evidence suggests that maternal and neonata...
ABSTRACT Periodic medical check-up (PMC) is important for early detection of risk factors associated with the development of diseases and prompt diagnosis of asymptomatic diseases. In Ghana, the daily activities of workers especially market workers are characterized by constant stress, long working hours, without being particularly mindful of their diet coupled with sedentary work life. This puts them at greater risk of developing several chronic diseases and their complication. However, stud...
ABSTRACT The objective of this research was to identify the risk factors that influence loan default of customers in the microfinance sector and to develop model that links these factors to credit default for any customer in the sector. Data from a microfinance institution based in Accra was used. A binomial logistic regression analysis was fitted to a data of 472 customers who were granted credit from January 2011 to December 2012. Based on the Wald criterion, it was realized that among the...
ABSTRACT Background: Early childhood development forms the cornerstone of human development. There are four fields of childhood development. The gross motor, vision and fine motor form the physical component of development. Parental knowledge of childhood development has been associated with more effective parenting strategies and better child outcomes. Maternal knowledge of gross motor development also affects the patience of the mother with normal development; helps them provide appropria...
ABSTRACT Nigeria has the largest number of malaria, pneumonia and diarrhoea-related deaths. While it is important that the country attains universal coverage of key childhood illness interventions, poor attention is given on the implementation iCCM in private health facilities, including drug shops, where close to a third of the population seek health care. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role and outcome on improved care after introducing integrated community case...
ABSTRACT Extreme weather events such as floods and drought in Africa are considered a major indication of climate change. Current climate change projections indicate progressively severe negative impacts on many countries across the world with the most severe impacts affecting the world’s poorest countries with the weakest capacity to adapt. Crop yields in Ghana are estimated to reduce due to projected decline in rainfall and upsurge in temperature. ...
ABSTRACT Pregnancy is a pre-condition to reproduction and childbearing. However, the life-threatening risks associated with pregnancy and childbirth have turned the whole process into one full of anxiety and fear as some women never make it alive. Upon several efforts by governments and international organizations, it is sad to still see families losing their loved ones during pregnancy or childbirth especially in our part of the world. Numerous studies tend to focus on the provision and util...
ABSTRACT Microsoft Abigail Brago Ofosuhene1, 2,, Kenu1, E Afari1, F. Wurapa1, S. O. Sackey1, D. Ameme1, P. Nortey1. F. Anto1 1Ghana Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Legon. 2Ghana Health Service, Accra, Ghana. Background: World Health Organization (WHO) define hypertension as a systolic blood pressure (BP) equal or above 140mmHg and/or diastolic BP equal to or above 90mmHg. Hypertension is a dominant risk factor of cardiov...
ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Adolescence is a period of biological, psychological and social transformations as a child transits to adulthood. Thus adolescents, including those in Nkwanta South district, are vulnerable to themselves and the environment. OBJECTIVES: This study identified the social determinants of non-marital adolescent pregnancy in terms of formal education, adolescent parent and peer relationships. METHODS: The study was a community based cross sectional research. Two communities ...
ABSTRACT Introduction: Worldwide, it was approximated that 303,000 maternal deaths will occur in 2015, yielding a general MMR of 216 maternal deaths per 100 000 live births for the 183 nations. Sub-Saharan Africa has an elevated MMR with a point-gauge of 546 per 100,000. In Ghana the MMR was 319 per 100,000 in 2015. Antenatal care exists as one of the Safe Motherhood intercessions that when executed effectively has the possibility to remarkably minimize deaths before and few weeks after deliv...
ABSTRACT Background: Tuberculosis threatens public health all over the world and affects persons mostly in their productive lives (WHO, 2015a). Treatment success is a key indicator for assessing effectiveness of TB control programme. Effective treatment success is a major element for reducing transmission and reducing incidence of Multidrug resistance TB (NTCP, 2013). Global treatment success has experienced a tremendous improvement since the establishment of annual collection of data on TB i...
ABSTRACT Introduction: Emergency contraception (EC) is unique among modern contraceptive methods in its capacity to prevent pregnancy after sex. The consequences of unintended pregnancies demand for efficient and effective use of Emergency Contraceptives as early childbearing impacts negatively on the educational prospects of female students. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and determine the use of emergency contraception among female students of Accra Technical University, ...
ABSTRACT The study presents the analysis of the effect of savings and credit facilities to migrants’ and non- migrants’ gendered livelihood options and development of Ilula Emerging Urban Centre (EUC). Specifically, the study aimed at establishing rural-urban migration determinants, identifying and analysing migrants’ and non-migrants livelihood options across different gender groups, and assessing factors influencing household access to savings and credit services and investment decisi...