AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF SEXUAL HARASSMENT IN NIGERIAN INSTITUTION OF LEARNING: (A CASE STUDY OF FEDERAL COLLEGE OF EDUCATION, ZARIA) IMPLICATION FOR COUNSELLING

Abstract

The research is an investigation into the causes and effects of sexual harassment in Nigerian Institution of Learning: a case study of Federal College of Education, Zaria and its implication for counseling.  A review of relevant literatures was done and the feminist perspective and social construction theory served as the theoretical frameworks and empirical review was done. A survey research design was adopted for this research work and a total of one hundred and twenty (120) respondents participated, who were drawn using a random sampling technique across the various schools and administrative section of the college. A five-point likert-scale questionnaire based on the biographic data of the respondents, causes, effects and solutions of sexual harassment was used for data collection. Frequency distribution table and simple percentage were used to analyze and interpret the data. The result from the study reveals that sexual harassment is prevalent in our institutions of learning and that the female counterparts are more of the victims of such act and it is as a result of wanting to pass and have high grades, poverty, provocative dressing, exploitation of the students by the lectures among others. The counseling implications of sexual harassment was enumerated and some of the recommendations put forward on how to curb this act is that there should be a guidance counselor in all the institutions of learning to provide professional help and advice.

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page                                                                                                   i

Declaration                                                                                                          ii

Approval                                                                                                     iii

Dedication                                                                                                 iv

Acknowledgment                                                                                                v

Abstract                                                                                                     vii

Table of Contents                                                                                               viii

CHAPTER ONE

1.0     Introduction                                                                                     1

1.1      Background of the study                                                                 1

1.2      Statement of the Problem                                                                2

1.3      Objectives of the Study                                                                             4

1.4     Research Questions                                                                          4

1.5      Significance of the Study                                                                 5

1.6     Scope of the Study                                                                           5

1.7      Definition of Terms                                                                          5

CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2.0     Introduction                                                                                     7

2.1      Conceptual Framework                                                                              7

2.1.1   Concept and Meaning of Sexual harassment                                  7

2.2     Origins of Sexual Harassment                                                         10

2.3     Types of Sexual Harassment on Campuses                                     11

2.4     Causes of Sexual Harassment in Nigerian Campuses                     18

2.5     Effects/Traumas of Sexual Harassment                                          22

2.6     Sexual Harassment Prohibition Bill in Tertiary Institutions           29

2.6.1   Sexual Harassment according to the Bill                                         29

2.6.2  Who can run Afoul of the Law?                                                      30

2.6.3  When will the Offence of Sexual Harassment Arise?                     30

2.6.4  Criminal Penalty for the Offence                                                    31

2.7     Reactions of Lecturers, Parents and Students on the Bill              32

2.8     Theoretical Framework                                                                    33

2.9     Empirical Review                                                                              36

2.10    Proposed Steps to Follow in case of Sexual Offences or

Harassment on Campuses                                                               38

2.11    Summary of the Chapter                                                                  41

CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY                          

3.0     Introduction                                                                                     42

3.1      Research Design                                                                               42

3.2     Population of the Study                                                                            42

3.3     Sample and Sampling Technique                                                   43

3.4     Reliability and Validity of the Instrument                                                43

3.5     Procedure for Data Collection                                                         43

3.6     Procedure for Data Analysis                                                            44

CHAPTER FOUR: DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION

4.0     Introduction                                                                                     45

4.1     Data Presentation                                                                             45

4.2     Data Analysis                                                                                   45

4.3     Summary of Findings                                                                       46

4.4     Discussion of Findings                                                                     56

CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

5.1      Summary                                                                                           58

5.2     Conclusion                                                                                        58

5.3     Recommendations                                                                            59

5.4     Implication for Counselling                                                             60

5.5     Suggestions for Further Studies                                                      62

          References

          Appendix