ANTIBACTERIAL SENSITIVITY PROFILE, ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATI ON OF BACTERIA USING API 20E KITS

The purpose of this research work is to determine the microbiological profile of hospital solid waste dump sites, sensitivity to antibiotic and isolation and identification of the organism using API 20 E kit method of analysis. Microbiological profiling was carried out on hospital solid waste collected from State Specialist Hospital in Ikare-Akoko. The mean total aerobic counts of the bacteria isolated from the solid waste samples collected from six (6) units in the hospital were 5.0 x 104 cfu/lm, surgical section; 7.8 x 104 cfu/lm, outpatient department; 5.2 x 104 cfu/lm, medical laboratory; 3.8 x 104 cfu/lm, nurse section; 3.2 x 104 cfu/lm, injection room; and 2.0 x 104 cfu/lm, medical record. Ten (10) bacterial isolates (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Salmonella typhi, Shigella dysentariae, Streptococcus varidians, and Proteus bulgaricus  were recovered from the waste and determined up to species level using API 20E KIT. The result of the antibacterial sensitivity activity test carried out using Kirby buewer antibiotics disc containing eleven (11) antibiotics (gentamycin, augmentin, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, ceftazidine,  cefuroxime, cemptriaxome, ofloxacin, cefixime, nitrofurantin, and cloxacilline) showed that 100 percent (%) of the bacteria were resistant to ceftazidin, cerftriazomes, cloxacilline, and to cefixime; 90 percent (%) were resistant to cefuroxime, gentamicin, erythromycin, and augmentin respectively; 60% were resistant to ofloxacin and nitrofurantoin respectively; and 40% were resistant to ciprofloxacine respectively. Three (3) of the bacterial isolates, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacilus cereus, and Salmonella typhi were susceptible to only nitrofurantin, and another two isolates, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi  to ciprofloxacine. This shows that all the bacterial isolated from the hospital solid waste were multi-drug resistant.