Assessing The Contribution of Environmental Monitoring Policies in the Fight Against Global Warming in Tanzania: A Case Study Of Arusha Municipality

ABSTRACT This thesis presents the study in the assessing the contribution of environmental monitoring policies in the fight against global warming in Tanzania. The effect of global warming that leads into climate change are of concern both for environment and human life. Evidence observed in climate change includes the instrumental temperature record, rising of the sea levels, and deceased snow cover in the Northern Hemisphere. To reduce the risk of large changes in future climate, many countries including Tanzania have implemented policies for monitoring environmental protection. However, people continue to complain that the environment is polluted. In this study the researcher was interested to find out the extent to which the use of energy contribute to the global warming, to asses~ ways on which community have been sensitized in the fight against environmental global warming and to examine how industrial activities influence the global warming. The study carried out in three wards of Arusha Municipal namely Themi, Olorien and Terrat. The total number of 260 respondents used who were selected randomly and purposively. The study interviewed key respondents while questionnaire were used to the entire community as well as the researcher engaged in documentary review. Data were coded, analyzed through SPSS version 12 and presented qualitatively and quantitatively. The findings reveal that in the greater extent people use energy like charcoal and firewood due to financial difficulties and its accessible which cause global warming. Also, environmental education is provided but not deeply and in a regular basis while community is much vi interested to be provided through the use of open discussion where by it is accessible to different people. Industrial activities contribute to the problem as it was discovered that emissions from industries lead to global warming. Therefore, there is a greater need to provide more education to the community, industrial activities which lead to global warming should be highly prohibited and policies should be revised regularly.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter Page

Declaration A

Declaration B ii

Approval Sheet Hi

Dedication iv

Acknowledgement v

Abstract vi

Table of Content vfli

List of Tables xi

List of Figures xH

Acronyms xfli

One THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE 1

Background of the Study 1

Statement of the Problem 3

Purpose of the Study 4

Research Objectives 4

Research Questions 5

Scope 5

Significance of the Study 6

Operational Definitions of Key Terms 7

viii

Two REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 10

Introduction 10

Theoretical Perspectives 10

Related Studies 11

Three METHODOLOGY 21

Research Design 21

Research Population 21

Sample Size 22

Sampling Procedure 23

Research Instrument 24

Validity and Reliability of the Instrument 25

Data Gathering Procedures 26

Data Analysis 26

Ethical Considerations 26

Limitations of the Study 27

Four PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

OF DATA 28

Analysis of Respondents Rate 28

Background Information of Respondents 29

Quantitative Analysis 34

Qualitative Analysis 47

Five FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS 51

Findings 51

Conclusions 56

Recommendations 58

References 62

Appendices 68

Appendix I - Transmittal Letter 66

Appendix II - Letter of Acceptance 67

Appendix III - Research Instrument 68

Appendix IV - exhibits from Field 74

Researcher’s Curriculum Vitae 77