Abstract: The adsorption of heavy metal ions (Cd2+), Cu2+), Pb2+) and Zn2+) by untreated water hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes obtained from Lake Victoria, Kenya was investigated under batch mode. A The effects of sample part, particle size, contact time, solution pH, and temperature, shaking speed, adsorbent dosage and initial metal ion concentration of aqueous solutions were investigated. The roots showed highest ability for the uptake of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb) from aqueous solutio...
Abstract: Tomato is rated the second most important horticultural crop after potato in most parts of the world. However, its cultivation is threatened by infestations of Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). The pest originated from South America and is now invading fields and greenhouse production sites in the world. Tuta absoluta was first officially reported in Kenya in March 2014 at Isiolo and has spread to all parts where tomato is grown. The pest has been nicknamed tomato ‗Al–s...
ABSTRACT Ticks pose a major challenge and economic burden to livestock rearing as they inflict physical injury and transmit diseases resulting in heavy losses of livestock. Their control has relied mainly on the use of synthetic acaricides which are expensive and hazardous to the environment and non-target organisms. Intensive use of these acaricides has also resulted in tick resistance. Plant extracts could provide a viable alternative to tick control and management strategies. Calpurnia...
Table of Content List of Tables List of Schemes List of Figures Abstract Chapter One 1.1 General introduction 1.2 Malaria parasite 1.3 Malaria disease 1.4 Malaria vectors 1.5 Malaria control strategies 1.6 Significance of study 1.7 Hypothesis 1.8 Justification 1.9 Objectives of the Study Chapter Two: Literature Review 2.1 Uses of natural products in mosquito control 2.2 The Family Meliaceae 2.3 The Genius Turraea 2.4 Limonoids 2.5 Biosynthesis of limonoids Chapter Three: Experimental 3.1 G...
Abstract: Scorpion venom contains insect and mammal selective toxins. However, despite their significance and potential application in insect-pest control, bioactivity of Kenyan scorpions is still unknown. As such this study initiated investigations on the inherent insecticidal activity of the venoms of scorpions collected in Kenya. Venom from four scorpion species namely Parabuthus leiosoma, Parabuthus pallidus, Hottentotta trilimeatus and Hottentotta eminii was collected upon stinging a pa...
Abstract: Root-knot nematodes (RKNs) are economically important polyphagous group of highly adapted obligate plant parasites. They pose a substantial threat to crop production globally due to losses caused in a wide range of agricultural crops. To curb infestations of RKNs, several mitigation measures have been deployed to control these parasites but with minimal success. Alternative integrated strategies are therefore needed for management of these pests. A new strategy being explored at ic...
Abstract NSAIDs and coxibs are associated with serious gastroinstestinal and cardiovascular side effects on their long term usage. Five hydrazones having chloro, methoxy, and nitro group substitutions were designed following a patent and extensive literature review. The designed compounds were evaluated in-silico for their pharmacokinetic and toxicity profile. Synthesis of the hydrazones was achieved through mechanochemistry (solvent-free) and conventional methods. Structures of the synthesiz...
ABSTRACT The study examined the impact of prior exposure to Laboratory apparatus on acquisition of science process skills, academic achievement and retention in chemistry among secondary school students in Giwa Educational Zone. A total of 120 Senior Secondary two (SS II) chemistry students were in the study from a total population of 996. Non randomized pretest, post posttest, posttest experimental - control groups research design was used for the study. Chemistry Achievement Test (CAT) and...
Abstract Single stage alkali-catalyzed transesterification of vegetable oils having free fatty acid(FFA) content above 0.5% promotes saponification which lowers the biodiesel yield bydeactivating the catalyst. A strong solid base KF/Eggshell catalyst, which is capable ofcircumventing saponification while producing biodiesel in a single stage from neem oilhaving FFA content of 4.2% was synthesized. The catalyst was synthesized by a thermaltreatment of chicken eggshell at 900oC, followed by ...
Abstract In the present work fifty six a new α, β - unsaturated carbonyl compounds and their cyclization reactions with varieties reagent (hydrazine derivatives, hydroxylamine and thio urea) pyrazole, isoxazole and thiopyrimidine derivatives were prepared. A process of the preparation of α, β – unsaturated carbonyl compounds by coupling to diazotized a p-aminoacetophenone with 1.3 di carbonyl compounds (ethyl acetoacetate, acetyl acetone, bezoylacetone and dimedone) in presence sodium...
ABSTRACT Management of hyperglycemia is an essential strategy in control of diabetes mellitus which remains a major health problem despite several therapeutic interventions particularly inhibitors of a-amylase. Use of ethnobotanical options has prominently been reported, for instance, Lannea schweinfurthii reported for management of hyperglycemia, although there is no scientific information to validate its anti-hyperglycemic potential. The study was to determine structures of compounds from L...
ABSTRACT The present study is aimed at assessing the concentrations of heavy metals in food crops from pece wet land Gulu town ship. The study investigated heavy metals which include Copper, Zinc, Lead, and Cadmium in the soil and in selected crops which were banana fruit, sugar cane, coco yam and green vegetables (Amaranthus dubius). Metals are essential for maintaining human health throughout life however, at high concentrations they become poisonous. In Gulu town ship, waste disposal and ...
Abstract In the present work, the stems of Trianthema portulacastrum and Phoenix d actylefera pollens were extracted with 95% ethanol at ambient temperature. Qualitative tests on alcoholic extract of Trianthema portulacastrum stems re vealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, steroids, carb ohydrates and glycosides. The crude extracts of Trianthema portulacastrum and Phoenix daclylefera w ere initially purified by column chromatography. Further purification was ac com...
ABSTRACT The study was carried out to estimate the levels of contamination and marketability of organic compost manures, derived from Kampala municipal solid wastes (MSW), sold along roads in the various suburbs of Kampala. The organic composts were sampled from five locations: Kawempe (KWP); Bwaise (BWS); Kitebi (KTB); Wankulukuku (WKK) and Ggaba-Kansanga (GGK~. The overall quality of the compost manures was determined by investigating selected physicochemical, trace metals and fertilizing p...
ABSTRACT The study was carried out to determine the levels of pollution, by selected metals. in water, soil and rice grown around River Yobe, Nigeria. The samples were collected from four different locations and were analyzed for physicochernical parameters, heavy metals and pollution indices. The pH of water and soil samples were found to be within the range of 6.47 ± 0.05 — 6.85 ± 0.13 and 6.00 — 7.70 respectively. The EC, Alkalinity, chloride, hardness, TDS and turbidity of the water...