Research Papers/Topics in Chemistry
A STUDY OF THE PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS, NUTRITIVE AND ANTI-NUTRITIVE VALUES OF CALABASH FRUIT
The calabash (Cresentia cujete) fruit was studied for its proximate and mineral composition as well as its phytochemical constituents. The sugar content, energy content, protein, nitrogen, crude fibre, moisture content, sucrose, fructose, galactose and energy content are quite reasonably high (viz: 1.13%, 8.35%, 1.34%, 4.28%, 84.92%, 59.86%, 25.09%, 18.24% and 88.69%). The pH of the fruit falls within the acidic range (4.8) and the mean value recorded for the ele...
Kinetic studies of the biosorption of lead and zinc from solution using tea fibre
Abstract: This paper presents a biobsorption study on Zn and Pb(II) from dilute aqueous solution using tea fiber as the biosorbent. The biosorption study was carried out as a function of contact time, initial metal ion concentration and biosorbent dosage. The residual Zn and Pb(II) in solution were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The biosorption was also time dependent as maximum biosorption was obtained after 10 and 20 min, for both lead and zinc respectively. Kine...
Medicinal Chemistry Comparative Phytochemical Screening on Three Growth Stages of Pennisetum Pedicellatum Trin
A comparative preliminary study on the extraction and phytochemical profile of methanolic extracts of the leave, stem and root of pennisetum pedicellatum Trin at three growth stages (i.e stage 1, stage 2, stage 3) was carried out. The extracts were analysed to determine the presence of phytochemicals in the plant. The study revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins and steroids. Tanins were found only in the stems of the plants and steroids were found only in the leaves....
PRODUCTION OF POTASSIUM SALT (K2SO4) FROM AGRICULTURAL WASTE (UNRIPE PLANTAIN PEELS)
ABSTRACT The production of potassium salt K2SO4 from unripe plantain agricultural waste was carried out. The sample randomly sourced from canteens located in Owerri West, Imo State. From the result of analysis carried out on the peels was found to contain highest level of K 2.55 ± 1.54 mg/g. other mineral component found were Na 159 ± 1.3 mg/g, Ca 101 ± 0.95 mg/g, Mg 75 ± 0.55 mg/g, Fe 5.8 ± 0.06 mg/g, P 36 ± 1.65. The yield of potassium sulphate, the target of this wor...
PROXIMATE AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF AFRICAN ELEMI NUTS
ABSTRACT The proximate compositions of African elemi nut were investigated by analyzing the moisture content, crude fat, ash content, crude fibre, crude protein and total carbohydrates in the nut. The associations of official analytical chemist (AOAC, 2000) methods were used. The values obtained from the proximate analysis were; moisture content (28.79%), ash (3.41%), crude fiber (2.84%), fat (30.42%), protein (8.40%), carbohydrate (26.14%). The GC-MS characterization revealed th...
PRELIMINARY DETERMINATION OF THE ACTIVE COMPONENTS IN BITTER LEAF ROOT (VERNONIA AMYGDALINA) EXTRACTS IN THE TREATMENT OF DIABETES MELLITUS
ABSTRACT This research work is on the preliminary determination of active components in bitter leaf root (vernonia amygdalina) in the treatment of diabetes. Deficiency of hormone (insulin) causes diabetes mellitus, a disease due to too much of sugar being present in the blood. This is because without insulin in the body, the result is that sugar is extracted in the urine. Consequently, fat and proteins are readily converted to carbohydrates and finally, glucose eventually. The body re...
Effect of EDTA on Tomatoes Plants Seedlings Under Nickel Toxicity
CHAPTER ONE1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 NICKEL1.1.1 Occurrence Nickel (Ni) is a metallic element,with atomic number 28; atomic weight 58.69. Is a metal, which belongs to group VIIIB of the periodic table. The most important oxidation state of nickel is +2, although the +3 and +4 oxidation states are also known (Tundermann et al., 2005). Nickel resembles iron, cobalt, and copper in its chemical properties. However, unlike cobalt and iron, ...
RELEASE KINETICS OF CYMBOPOGON CITRATUS ESSENTIAL OIL FROM STARCH BEADS
ABSTRACT The essential oil of Cymbopogon citratus was extracted using a green method (i.e. essential oil still), encapsulated into cassava starch matrix using sodium alginate as a binder. The encapsulated sodium alginate starch beads were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer (FTIR), release kinetics of the oil was monitored by UV-Visible Spectrophotometry from two (2) aqueous media, buffer of pH 4 and pH 9. The re...
THE MECHANOCHEMICAL AND SOLVENT – BASED SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF 3,4,5-TRIHYDROXYLBENZOIC ACID CU(II) COMPLEXES.
Mechanochemical synthesis of [Cu(OOCCH3)2(THB)2] and the Mechanochemical synthesis of [Cu(OOCCH3)2(THB)2] were carried out, and a brown solid complexes obtained in both experiment was washed in ethanol respectively. The physical and instrumental characterisation of the complexes carried out revealed that the complexes obtained are the same
Quantitative Analysis of Carotene and Ascorbic acid from Carrot, Cucumber, Eggplant and Tomatoes
ABSTRACTSpectroscopic method was used to determine quantities of carotene and ascorbic acid in carrot, cucumber, eggplant and tomatoes. The result shows that carrot has higher concentration of carotene =0.1430, follow by eggplant = 0.6950 and tomatoes = 0.0368 and cucumber has the least concentration of carotene =0.0139. The result also show carrot has higher concentration of ascorbic acid 0.958×10-4 mol/d3 follow by tomatoes 0.944×10-4 mol/d3 and eggplant 0.943×10-4 mol/d3 cucumber 0.90...
POLLUTION INDICES OF TRACE METALS IN ROADSIDE SOIL
ABSTRACT Roadside soil samples were obtained from Eka Street, Oron Road, Ikot Ekpene Road and Nwaniba Road within Uyo metropolis, Akwa Ibom State. Roadside soils were also obtained from Uwana Lane and used as Control. These samples and Control were analysed for the concentration of Cadmium (Cd), Nickel (Ni), Lead (Pb), Zinc (Zn) and Iron using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) unicam 939 model. Results obtained indicated the following mean concentration (mg/kg) for ...
DIRECT SPINNING OF CARBON NANOTUBE FIBRES FROM CHEMICAL VAPOUR SYNTHESIS.
Carbon nanotube, CNT, is a one dimensional sp2 allotrope of carbon with cylindrical nanostructure and high aspect ratio (length in microns and diameter in the nanometer order). They could exist as either single-walled nanotube (SWNT) or Multi-walled nanotube (MWNT), depending on the number of layer(s) present. CNTs drawn into fibres shows outstanding mechanical and electrical properties which give them edge in applications such as composites, electrodes, mechanical actuato...
Studies on heavy metals contents of Osun River at the pre-urban settlement and across Osogbo City, Nigeria
Heavy metals were analysed in Osun River (Nigeria) between 2017 and 2018. Concentrations of the heavy metals were in the increasing order: Fe > Zn > Cu > Mn > Pb > (Ni, Cr) > (Cd, Co). Iron made up 76% of the total heavy metals measured. Activities at Swanlux Farm (a major oil palm farm) seemed to impart on Osun River as the highest Fe concentration (2.55 mg/L) was measured near the farm. In the urban settlement, average zinc concentration was almost double (0.37 mg/L) of that found i...
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