ABSTRACT
Climate change and variability (CCV) has posed great challenges on agriculture
around the world. In response, the farmers and the Tanzanian government have
employed different adaptation strategies to cope with this problem. However,
Mwanga among other districts are still faced with the problem of food insecurity as a
result of impacts of CCV on food crop production. This study hence, examined the
adaptation strategies to CCV and their impact on food security in Mwanga district.
Specifically the study sought to; a) examine the effects of CCV on food crop
production in Mwanga district, b) assess the government and other institutional
efforts on adaptation strategies to CCV, c) identify and examine the key adaptation
strategies used by farmers to adapt to the effects of CCV and their influence in
promoting food security, d) examine the challenges facing these adaptation strategies
in promoting food security.
Data was collected using structured and unstructured questionnaires, which targeted
the farmers and the local leaders. Key informants were drawn from environmental
committee leaders, elders, WEOs, VEOs and AEOs. Focus group discussion was
also conducted as well as field observation. A sample of 94 farmers was considered.
The statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) and Microsoft Excel was used for
data processing and analysis. The data was analyzed using both descriptive and
inferential statistics. The findings were presented using simple tabular comparison of
means, graphs, charts and text.
The findings indicate that there were notable changes in rainfall patterns and
persistence of prolonged droughts that resulted in decreased food crop yields. This
affected the livelihoods of farmers by causing food insecurity, decreased income and
rise in prices of food stuff. The farmers applied different adaptation measures such as
irrigation, rain water harvesting, planting of improved seed varieties, use of fertilizer
and manure, planting drought resistant crops, use of appropriate land management
practices and indigenous knowledge systems as well as seeking alternative income
generating activities. The study found that the adaptation strategies had performed
dismally due to several challenges which include; lack of capital, small number of
AEOs leading to limited awareness of the causes CCV and how to respond to its
adverse effects. Moreover, it was found that the government had developed different
policies and programmes in response to the effects of CCV on food crop production.
However, it was noted that there was poor implementation of these policies and
programmes in the study area hence leading to persistence of food insecurity
problem.
In general, the study concluded that the adaptation strategies to climate change and
variability employed by farmers and the government were generally good; however
poor implementation and challenges facing them hindered their success in promoting
food security in the study area. Therefore, the study recommends that in order to
eradicate the problem of food insecurity in the study area, there is dire need for the
government, private sector, civil society and regional organizations to participate
actively and take genuine steps against the effects of climate change and variability
on food crop production.
Damian, P (2021). Impact Of Agricultural Adaptation Strategies To Climate Change And Variability On Food Security In Mwanga District, Tanzania. Afribary. Retrieved from https://afribary.com/works/impact-of-agricultural-adaptation-strategies-to-climate-change-and-variability-on-food-security-in-mwanga-district-tanzania
Damian, Perpetua "Impact Of Agricultural Adaptation Strategies To Climate Change And Variability On Food Security In Mwanga District, Tanzania" Afribary. Afribary, 26 Apr. 2021, https://afribary.com/works/impact-of-agricultural-adaptation-strategies-to-climate-change-and-variability-on-food-security-in-mwanga-district-tanzania. Accessed 08 Nov. 2024.
Damian, Perpetua . "Impact Of Agricultural Adaptation Strategies To Climate Change And Variability On Food Security In Mwanga District, Tanzania". Afribary, Afribary, 26 Apr. 2021. Web. 08 Nov. 2024. < https://afribary.com/works/impact-of-agricultural-adaptation-strategies-to-climate-change-and-variability-on-food-security-in-mwanga-district-tanzania >.
Damian, Perpetua . "Impact Of Agricultural Adaptation Strategies To Climate Change And Variability On Food Security In Mwanga District, Tanzania" Afribary (2021). Accessed November 08, 2024. https://afribary.com/works/impact-of-agricultural-adaptation-strategies-to-climate-change-and-variability-on-food-security-in-mwanga-district-tanzania