The Use Of Information Technology In Dispensation Of Justice In Tanzania: A Case Study Of Dar Es Salaam

TABLE OF CONTENTS

APPROVAL ................................................................................................................... i

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ............................................................................................. ii

TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................. iii

LIST OF ABREVIA TIO NS .......................................................................................... V

LIST OF CASES ..... .... ..... ... ................................................................................. ........ vi

TABLE OF STATUTES ............................................................................................. vii

CHAPTER ONE ........................................................................................................... 1

GENERAL INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................... 1

Background of the Problem .............................................................•............................. 1

1.2S tatement of the Problem ..•........••...............•........•••......••.........••...•........••.•••.....•...... 4

1.3Justification for the study .........••..•.•........•..•.•......•........••..•.......•............••..••............ 6

Hypothesis ........................•...•..•••...•••......•.•••.••............•.....•.........•................................... 6

1.5Objective of the Study .............................................................................................. 6

1. 6Literature Review ...... ...............••......•.•.•..•..•.......•.•....•.••••.....•...•.....•...•.••••••...••....... 1

1. 7 Scope of the Research ............................................................................................ 10

1. 8 Research Methodology •..............•...•.•.•.....••••...•...•....••.•....•..................................... 10

1.9 Chapterlisation ...................................................................................................... 11

Chapter Two ............................................................. ; ................•................................. 11

Chapter Three ............................................................................................................. 11

Chapter Four ............................................................................................................... 11

Chapter Five ................................................................................................................ 12

2.0 Conclusion ...••.•..••........................•................•..•..••.•......•••....•....•.•••.•...................... 12

CHAPTER TWO ........................................................................................................ 13

IDSTORY OF LEGAL DEVELOPMENTS AND ICT ............................................. 13

2.1 Introduction ...................................................•....•.•......••••...•..•..•..•.........•............... 13

2.2 History of legal developments and ICT in the United States of America ............ 13

2.3 History in the United Kingdom (UK) ................................................................... 17

2.lLegal history of ICT development in Tanzania ..................................................... 20

2.3.1. The Government Builds National ICT Policy .................................................. 22

2.31 Conclusion ....................•••...........•......•...............•.•••....•..•...••........•.............•••..... 24

CHAPTER THR.EE .................................................................................................... 25

THE LAW AND USE OF ICT IN THE TANZANIA JUDICIARY ......................... 25

3. 1 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 25

The State of the Tanzanian Judiciary ..........................•.....•.•.•••..•.•.........•............•....... 25

The Civil Process .......................•.........•...............••.•••••.•...•.••••••.................................... 25

3.2History of Application of ICT in Tanzania Judiciary ........................................... 29

3.3Current Situation ............•••..................•••••..•••.•.................................................•••.. 30

3.3.lICT Infrastructure ............................................................................................. 31

3.4.2Software ........................................................................................................... 32

3.4Conclusion ...•••.•...................••...•.....•.•......................•........................................... 33

lll

CHAPTER FOUR ....................................................................................................... 34

PROSPECTS FOR USE OF ICT IN THE TANZANIAN JUDICIARY .................• 34

4.1 Introduction •.......................................................................................................... 34

4.1.2 Automation of Court Records ............................................................................ 34

4.1.3Video Conferencing ...................................... ........ ...... ... ................. 35

4.1.4E-Library .......•.•...... . ...................................................................................... 35

4.2 Proposed Case File Monitoring System ••...•.•......•.•..•.•.....••.••.........••....•.......•.......• 36

4.3 Challenges ............. ............................................................................................. 38

4.4 Conclusion ........................................................................................................... 40

CHAPTER FIVE .......................................................................... ............. ...... ....... ..... 41

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS .........................................•.............. 41

5.1 Conclusion .. ....................................................................................................... 41

5.2 Recommendation .... ... ................................•......•.•..........•........•....••......•...••.......... 42

5.2.1 Enacting laws ...................................................................................................... 42

5.2.2 Amending existing law •....•............................•......••....•••.......•..•••....•.••................ 43

5.2.3 Training of Judicial Personnel. .......................................................................... 44

5.2.4 Setting up websites ......................•......•..•••........•.•••.•......•.•................................ 45

5.2.5 Extensions to lower courts .....................................................................•...•..•..... 45

5.2.6. Improved payment System ....................................................•........................... 45

5.2.6. Compulsory ICT courses at Law school •••••.•.•..•.•••.•..•..•...••••.........................•.• 46

5.3 Way forward ....................................................................................................... 46

BIBLIOGRAPHY ...........•.•••....•..••.........................................•.....................•..•.•......... 47

Thesis ........................................................................................................................... 48

Journals and Articles .•..................••.....•.....................................•................................ 48

Vision and Reports ...................................................................................................... 49

_ Websites .............................••.....•................................................................................. 49