Turkish Aid and Infrastructural Development in Mogadishu, Somalia

ABSTRACT 

The purpose of the study was to establish the impact of Turkish aid projects on the Infrastructural development of Mogadishu, Somalia. The study objectives were to examine the nature of Turkish aid in Somalia, to assess the performance of Turkish aid on infrastructural development in Mogadishu Somalia and to evaluate the benefit of Turkish aid projects in Mogadishu Somalia. The study was conducted using Mogadishu city employees and Turkish Cooperation and Coordination Agency (TIKA) as the study respondents. The study employed both qualitative and quantitative approaches. Data was collected from respondents using research questionnaires and interview guide questions, while the study adopted a sequential strategy in data gathering. In this case, qualitative data was first gathered and analyzed and then preceded by quantitative data. In addition, the study employed a descriptive research design. Furthermore, the study was guided by the Supplemental Theory of development aid. The theory emphasizes that economically weak states require foreign aid or assistance to supplement their limited savings if they must achieve growth and development. Thus, aid is a necessary evil for growth and development in struggling/ weak states. The overall findings of the study indicate that Turkish aid projects have significantly improved infrastructural development in Mogadishu, particularly in the area of healthcare, education and transportation. However, the study believes that more needs to be done, particularly in diversifying aid projects to other parts of Somalia.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

DECLARATION ............................................................................................................................. i

APPROVAL ................................................................................................................................... ii

DEDICATION...............................................................................................................................iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT............................................................................................................. iv

TABLE OF CONTENTS................................................................................................................ v

ABSTRACT................................................................................................................................. viii

CHAPTER ONE............................................................................................................................. 1

INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................... 1

1.0 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 1

1.1.1 Background of the Study.................................................................................................... 1

1.1.1 Historical Perspective......................................................................................................... 1

1.1.2 Theoretical Perspective ...................................................................................................... 3

1.1.3 Conceptual Perspective ...................................................................................................... 3

1.1.4 Contextual Perspective....................................................................................................... 4

1.2 Statement of the Problem...................................................................................................... 5

1.3 Purpose of the study .............................................................................................................. 5

1.4 Research Objectives.............................................................................................................. 6

1.5 Research Questions............................................................................................................... 6

1.6 Research Hypothesis............................................................................................................. 6

1.7 Scope of the study ................................................................................................................. 6

1.7.1 Geographical study............................................................................................................. 6

1.7.2 Content Scope .................................................................................................................... 7

1.7.3 Time Scope......................................................................................................................... 7

1.8 Significance of the study....................................................................................................... 7

1.8 Operational Definition of Key terms..................................................................................... 7

CHAPTER TWO ............................................................................................................................ 8

LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................................................................... 9

2.0 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 9

2.1 Theoretical Review ............................................................................................................... 9

2.2 Conceptual frame work ......................................................................................................... 9

2.3 Related Literature................................................................................................................ 11

2.3.0 Nature of Turkish Projects in Somalia ............................................................................. 11

2.3.1 Infrastructure ................................................................................................................... 11

2.3.2 Education Projects............................................................................................................ 12

2.3.3 Health Projects ................................................................................................................. 13

2.4 Contribution of Turkish projects to infrastructural development in Somalia ..................... 14

2.5 Benefits of Turkish Projects on Infrastructural development in Somalia ........................... 15

2.5.1 Infrastructural development ............................................................................................. 15

2.5.2 Effect of Turkish Projects on Infrastructural development.............................................. 18

2.6 Challenges faced in implementation of Turkey projects in Somalia .................................. 22

2.7 Research Gaps..................................................................................................................... 26

CHAPTER THREE ...................................................................................................................... 27

METHODOLOGY ....................................................................................................................... 27

3.0 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 27

3.1 Research Design.................................................................................................................. 27

3.2 Research population ............................................................................................................ 27

3.3 Sample Size......................................................................................................................... 28

3.4 Sampling procedure............................................................................................................. 29

3.5 Sources of data .................................................................................................................... 29

3.5.1 Primary data ..................................................................................................................... 29

3.5.2 Secondary data…………………………………………………………………………..30

3.6 Data collection Instrument .................................................................................................. 29

3.6.1 Questionnaire ................................................................................................................... 30

3.6.2 Interview........................................................................................................................... 30

3.6.3 Document review ............................................................................................................. 30

3.7 Validity and Reliability of research Instrument .................................................................. 30

3.7.1 Validity of Research Instrument ...................................................................................... 30

3.7.2 Reliability of Research Instrument................................................................................... 31

3.8 Data Collection Procedure .................................................................................................. 31

3.9 Data Analysis ...................................................................................................................... 32

3.10 Ethical Consideration ........................................................................................................ 32

3.10 Limitations to the study..................................................................................................... 32

CHAPTER FOUR......................................................................................................................... 33

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA .................................... 33

4.0 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 33

4.1 Demographic traits of respondents...................................................................................... 33

4.2 Nature of the Turkish aid in infrastructure, health and education in Mogadishu Somalia. 35

4.3 Contribution of Turkish aid projects in Mogadishu Somalia.............................................. 42

4.4 Benefits of Turkish aid on Infrastructural development of Mogadishu Somalia................ 41

4.4.1 Infrastructural development of Mogadishu Somalia........................................................ 41

4.4.2 Regression analysis on the effect of Turkish aid on Infrastructural development of Mogadishu Somalia..................................... 43

4.5 Challenges faced in the implementation of Turkish projects in Mogadishu Somalia......... 42

CHAPTER FIVE .......................................................................................................................... 46

DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS................... 46

5.0 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 46

5.1 Discussion of Findings........................................................................................................ 46

5.2 Conclusions......................................................................................................................... 46

5.3 Recommendations............................................................................................................... 48

5.4 Areas of further study.......................................................................................................... 48

REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................. 50

Appendix i: Research Instrument: Questionnaire ......................................................................... 53