ABSTRACT Aquaculture in Kenya is diverse with uncharacterized fish strains under varying production and management systems. This study characterized the smallholder aquaculture systems and analyzed the growth and survival of the African catfish (Clariasgariepinus) fingerlingsin the former Eastern Province of Kenya. The study also mapped the smallholder aquaculture value chain and identified the main challenges therein. Information on the value chain, fish production and management was collat...
Abstract/Overview Globally, foreign aid forms one of the largest components of foreign capital flows to low-income countries. For the last four decades, countries of Sub-Saharan Africa including Kenya have relied on external aid to alleviate poverty and address underdevelopment. Up to 2015, global foreign aid stood at $152.5 Billion with $45.8 billion given to Sub Saharan African countries and $2.5 billion given to Kenya. However, current socio-economic indicators reveal that Kenya, just lik...
Abstract Financing fiscal deficit in any country is undertaken with the sole purpose of promoting economic growth and development. However, fiscal deficit financing can be a major source of macroeconomic instability, especially inflation, depending on how it is achieved. Inflation in sub-Saharan Africa has persistently been high, almost double-digit, and volatile compared to other areas with developing countries such as Asia and Latin America. Thus, this study aimed at analyzing the relation...
Abstract Entrepreneurship is the engine of economic growth and wheel that pedal the vehicle of economic development and has been recognized for its importance in the area of job creation, revenue generation, poverty alleviation and wealth creation [1-3] Following this, it is now identified as the central element in the theory of economic development and it makes up the largest business sector in economies [4,5]. It involves a willingness to rejuvenate market offerings, innovate, risks taking...
Abstract Public procurement has always been a big part of the developing countries‟ economy accounting for 10-40% of their Gross Domestic Products (GDPs).Public e-procurement involves the use of electronic communications and transactions by government institutions and public sector to tendering services or public works, (Biwott, 2015). Lundu and Shale, (2015) contend that beyond the simple transition from systems based on paper to those which use electronic communications, public e-procure...
Abstract The contribution of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) to economic development as well as the role of digital technology in MSME performance are underscored in many studies globally. MSMEs provide over 70% of employment, contribute to national revenue, and are considered key to increasing productivity. In Africa, MSMEs are also recognized for skill development and upward mobility in diverse geographic areas and economic sectors, provide livelihood and income for diverse se...
Abstract Trade in the modern world has evolved due to the liberalization and integration of the world into one unit. This has led to the practice of trade in multilateral, regional, and bilateral frameworks where states advance their diplomatic interests through negotiations, networking, regulations, and participation. Foreign trade is influenced by key regional factors like comparative advantage, level of investment, and domestic absorption rate. The study investigated the regional factors ...
Abstract: In response to the youth bulge in Africa and the concomitant rising unemployment and poverty levels in Africa, the government of Kenya, in line with the African Union Agenda 2063, has designed interventions to strategically position the country to harness the demographic dividend through youth entrepreneurship. The government of Kenya has designed youth programs to address the unemployment challenge and one of the flagship youth programs is the Youth Enterprise Development Fund (Ch...
Abstract: Democratic governance implies a system of government where institutions function according to democratic norms and processes. Inequality is being not equal in terms of distribution of income, wealth and consumption and it is measured using Gini Index or Gini Coefficient. The study mainly focused on exploring the relationship between democratic governance and the rise of inequality in Africa. The study was guided by three objectives. The first objective examined the correlations bet...
Abstract: With globalization at the centre stage, power and regulatory practices have been transformed. Rigid territorial frameworks in the form of national boundaries are slowly loosening up paving way for reinforced interdependence. Regions have thus come together to forge alliances to safe guard their interests as well as address certain challenges. Regional integration is not only viewed as a rational response to challenges faced within borders of a geographical area but also perceived a...
Abstract: The issue of poverty and hunger continues to be a great challenge in the world. The millennium development goals was a framework that was implemented for the purpose of assisting the world towards its endeavors of halving poverty and hunger. The implementation of MDGs in Kenya began in 2002.Critiques have argued that the time set to achieve the MDGs in Africa was unfair given the fact that most African countries were in extreme poverty following the implementation of the IMF and Wo...
Abstract: The Ethiopian government has staked its political future on achieving highly ambitious economic growth targets and shifting the country to an urbanizing industrial economy. According to Ethiopia’s Growth and Transformation Plan, the country aims to achieve a middle income status by the year 2025. One of its major projects, Gibe III, will be the highest dam in Africa. Together with already built Gibe I Dam and Gibe II power station and the yet to be built Gibe IV and V, it is expe...
Abstract: The fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda, is a voracious pest of cereals native to the Americas and which invaded Africa in 2016. Chemical control is the main management option, which however remains ineffective and unsustainable. Fungal endophytes are increasingly used as alternative for the management of insect pests of economic importance. This study assessed the potential of eight endophytic fungal isolates to colonize maize plant and their ability to promote seedlings gro...
Abstract: Arabica coffee Coffea arabica L. is an important cash crop supporting millions of households in East Africa. However, the crop faces challenges of infestation by some insect pests that lead to substantial economic loss and lower quality of beans. The Antestia bugs, Antestiopsis spp. (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), the coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) and the African coffee white stem borer, Monochamus leuconotus (Pascoe) (Coleopte...
Since the 80s Nigeria has been struggling to build a solid base for economic development and growth, which has seen little success. Our technical institutions, especially the polytechnics are only for the theoretical training which does not respond effectively to the needs of our socioeconomic development nor our changing national environment. This absence of an indigenous capacity to conduct basic and applied research work in emerging areas of science and technology has continued to engender...