Collaborative Community and Social Development A Study of Selected Neighbourhoods in Djibouti, Djibouti

ABSTRACT 

Djibouti country is similar to other countries of the world. It is undergoing dramatic changes due to the global issues- producing global impacts which ultimately affect the well-being of every single individual of the society- the children, families, environment and so many aspects of the community. To address such social issues, many rural communities in the western world have undergone profound social and economic transformations by using a new approach for change, over the past decade. Along with these changes, there has been a rapid proliferation of collaborative community approaches to environmental protection and other social issues such as education and health issues. The study as interested as to extent to which collaborative community has an impact on social development, or transformation in the context of Djibouti while selecting three neighborhoods in the city capital of Djibouti such as Phare d’Ambouli, Quartier 1 and Quartier 2. The study was further guided by three set objectives including i) to determine the effect of shared vision on social development in Djibouti, Djibouti; ii) to establish the effect of collaborative leadership on social development in Djibouti, Djibouti; iii) to determine the effect of community buildings on social development in Djibouti, Djibouti. This study employed descriptive research and survey design as it involved the description of the current status of both variables of the study- the collaborative community and social development. Additionally, the study targeted a population of 380 residents that lived in the three selected neighborhoods. A sample of 195 respondents were determined dividing the sample size equally to the selected neighborhoods. A simple random approach was used during the study. Data were collected from primary source using questionnaires. Then after the data collection, the study organized a wellfilled questionnaire, the data was edited and sorted for the next step. The data was arranged with frequencies and percentages in order to present the analyzed data through the use of Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Moreover, the statistical modeling such as regression techniques was employed to analyze the effect between the variables of the study. Data analysis using mean as indicated to show how in every aspects of collaborative community contributed to the low of every constructs of social development used in the study. The findings of the study also attributed the effect of shared visions on social development by 53.4%. Similar, collaborative leadership had a significant effect on social development by 48.2% (R Square=0.482). lastly, finding on community buildings on social development showed a positive significant effect by 431.2% (R Square=0.312). The study concluded that there is a positive effect of collaborative community on social development. Hence, the collaborative approach applied at community-based level dictates the social transformation in every community in Djibouti as well as the global society. The study suggested that more collaboration to be initiated by the community members in order to address the social issues.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

DECLARATION .............................................................................................................................ii

APPROVAL ...................................................................................................................................iii

DEDICATION................................................................................................................................iv

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ...............................................................................................................v

TABLE OF CONTENTS............................................................................................................... vii

LIST OF TABLES ..........................................................................................................................xi

LIST OF FIGURES ....................................................................................................................... xii

LISTE OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ................................................................... xiii

ABSTRACT.................................................................................................................................. xiv

CHAPTER ONE:............................................................................................................................ 1

INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................... 1

1.0 Introduction............................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 Background of the study ........................................................................................................... 1

1.1.1 Historical perspective............................................................................................................. 1

1.1.2 Theoretical perspective .......................................................................................................... 4

1.1.3 Conceptual perspective .......................................................................................................... 7

1.1.4 Contextual perspective ........................................................................................................... 9

1.2 Problem statement of the study................................................................................................. 9

1.3 Purpose of the study................................................................................................................ 10

1.4 Objectives of the study............................................................................................................ 10

1.5 Research questions.................................................................................................................. 10

1.6 Hypothesis of the study........................................................................................................... 11

1.7 Scope of the study................................................................................................................... 11

1.7.1 Geographical scope .............................................................................................................. 11

1.7.2 Content scope ....................................................................................................................... 11

1.7.3 Time scope ........................................................................................................................... 11

1.8 Significance of the study......................................................................................................... 12

1.9 Definitions of key terms.......................................................................................................... 12

CHAPTER TWO .......................................................................................................................... 13

LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................................................................. 13

2.0 Introduction............................................................................................................................. 13

2.1 Theoretical Review ................................................................................................................. 13

2.2Conceptual framework ............................................................................................................. 16

2.3 Review of related literature..................................................................................................... 17

2.3.1 Collaborative Community.................................................................................................... 17

2.3.2The effect of shared vision on social development............................................................... 18

2.3.3 The Effect of Collaborative Leadership on Social Development ........................................ 21

2.3.4The effect of Community Buildings on social development ................................................ 22

2.3.2. Social Development ............................................................................................................ 20

2.3.2.1 Education .......................................................................................................................... 21

2.3.2.2 Health Care ....................................................................................................................... 24

2.3.2.3 Environmental protection and sanitation .......................................................................... 26

2.4 Empirical studies..................................................................................................................... 27

2.5 Research Gaps......................................................................................................................... 29

CHAPTER THREE ...................................................................................................................... 30

METHODOLOGY........................................................................................................................ 30

3.0 Introduction............................................................................................................................. 30

3.1 Research Design...................................................................................................................... 30

3.2 Population of the study ........................................................................................................... 30

3.3 Sample size ............................................................................................................................. 31

3.3.1 Sample size for questionnaire .............................................................................................. 31

3.4 Sampling Procedure ................................................................................................................ 32

3.5.1 Primary data ......................................................................................................................... 32

3.6 Data collection Instrument...................................................................................................... 33

3.6.1 Data Collection for Questionnaire ....................................................................................... 33

3.7 Validity and Reliability of research Instrument ...................................................................... 33

3.7.1 Validity of Research Instrument .......................................................................................... 33

3.7.2 Reliability of Research Instrument ...................................................................................... 34

3.8 Research Procedures............................................................................................................... 36

3.9 Data Analysis.......................................................................................................................... 37

3.9.1 Data Analysis for Questionnaire .......................................................................................... 37

3.9.2 Data Analysis Tool .............................................................................................................. 37

3.10 Ethical Consideration............................................................................................................ 38

3.11 Limitation of the study.......................................................................................................... 40

CHAPTER FOUR......................................................................................................................... 42

DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION .......................................... 42

4.0 Introduction............................................................................................................................. 42

4.1 Response Rate ......................................................................................................................... 42

4.2 Demographic Characteristics of the Respondents .................................................................. 42

4.3 Descriptive Statistics............................................................................................................... 45

4.3.1 Collaborative Community.................................................................................................... 46

4.3.2 Social Development ............................................................................................................. 50

4.4 Regression analysis................................................................................................................. 54

4.4.1 Simple linear regression....................................................................................................... 54

4.4.2 Multilinear regression .......................................................................................................... 58

CHAPTER FIVE .......................................................................................................................... 60

DISCUSSION, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATAIONS........................................... 60

5.1 Discussion of findings............................................................................................................. 60

5.1.1 Determining the effect of shared vision on social development in Djibouti, Djibouti ........ 60

5.1.2 Establishing the effect of collaborative leadership on social development in Djibouti, Djibouti..................................... 61

5.1.3 Determining the effect of community buildings on social development in Djibouti, Djibouti................................. 62

5.2 Conclusion .............................................................................................................................. 63

5.3 Recommendations................................................................................................................... 63

5.5 Areas for further studies.......................................................................................................... 64

REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................. 65

APPENDIX I: TRANSMITTAL LETTER .................................................................................. 74

APPENDIX II: INFORMANT CONSENT.................................................................................. 75

APPENDIX III: QUESTIONNAIRE ........................................................................................... 76