Existence and Implications of Superpower Rivalry in the Horn of Africa: A Case of China and United States of America in Djibouti

Abstract:

The overall purpose of this study is to evaluate the existence and implications of the Horn of Africa superpower rivalry with particular emphasis on China and US interests in Djibouti. The study was founded on the theory of contemporary realism: power transition theory, the theory of power competition, alliances and bandwagon. The study consisted of an exploratory design case study. The data was primary as well as secondary. Individual interviews and focus groups collected the primary data. The study consisted of six individual interviews, two from Djibouti embassy, China embassy and the US embassy, all in Nairobi and four focus groups discussions each consisting of five respondents drawn from the Horn International Institute for Strategic Studies Conficius Institute in Kenyatta University, Amnesty International Nairobi, International Relations lecturers from Nairobi University and Kenyatta University, and International Relations post-graduate students. The data from the interviews was transcribed verbatim, coded and themed according to the research questions for comprehensive data analysis. Lastly, based on the research findings and conclusion, the paper outlines various recommendations to Horn of Africa region in their relations with foreign powers.