Factors Affecting Adherence to Tuberculosis Medication Among Tuberculosis Patients in Amai Community Hospital, Amolatar District

Table of Contents

DECLARATION ............................................................................................................................................................I

APPROVAL ................................................................................................................................................................. II

LIST OF ACRONYMS .................................................................................................................................................. III

TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................................................................................ IV

LIST OF TABLES.............................................................................................................................................................. VI

LIST OF FIGURES............................................................................................................................................................ VI

ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................................................................... VII

INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................................ VII

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................... 1

1.0 GENERAL INTRODUCTIONS ...........................................................................................................................1

1.1 BACKGROUND INFORMATION...............................................................................................................................1

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM ......................................................................................................................3

1.3 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES ..............................................................................................................................................4

1.3.1 Broad Objective....................................................................................................................................................4

1.3.2 Specific Objectives...............................................................................................................................................4

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW................................................................................................... 8

2.0 GENERAL INTRODUCTIONS ................................................................................................................. 8

2.1 REVIEW OF PREVIOUS LITERATURE......................................................................................................................8

3.1 STUDY AREA......................................................................................................................................................14

3.3 STUDY DESIGN...................................................................................................................................................14

3.4 SAMPLE SIZE DETERMINATION...........................................................................................................................14

3.5 SAMPLING METHOD............................................................................................................................................14

3.6. INCLUSION AND EXCLUSION CRITERIA ..............................................................................................................15

3.6.1 Inclusion Criteria ................................................................................................................................................15

3.7 DATA COLLECTION METHOD ..............................................................................................................................15

3.8 DATA ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION.................................................................................................................16

3.10 STUDY LIMITATIONS AND DELIMITATIONS .......................................................................................................16

3.11 STUDY QUALITY CONTROL ...............................................................................................................................16

3.12 ETHICAL CONSIDERATION ................................................................................................................................16

CHAPTER FOUR: STUDY RESULTS AND FINDINGS ...............................................................................................18

4.0 GENERAL INTRODCUTIONS.................................................................................................................................18

4.1 SOCIO DEMOGRAPHIC DATA................................................................................................................................18

4.1.1 Age .....................................................................................................................................................................18

4.1.2 Gender ................................................................................................................................................................20

4.1 FACTORS AFFECTING ADHERENCE TO TB MEDICATIONS....................................................................................23

4.1.1 LEVEL OF AWARENESS ABOUT TB DRUGS ..................................................................................................................23

4.1.3 The distribution of patients by HIV/TB Co –infection. .....................................................................................23

4.3 THE PROPORTION OF TB PATIENTS AT VARIOUS STAGES OF TREATMENT COMPLETION .....................................25

CHAPTER FIVE: DISCUSSIONS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS......................................28

5.0 GENERAL INTRODUCTIONS.................................................................................................................................28

5.1 DISCUSSIONS......................................................................................................................................................28

5.1 The contributing factors to non adherence to TB treatment ..................................................................................28

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5.2 The proportion of tuberculosis patients.................................................................................................................29

5.3 The roles of community health workers in TB management.................................................................................30

5.2 Conclusions ...........................................................................................................................................................30

5.3 Recommendations .................................................................................................................................................31

REFERENCES................................................................................................................................................32

APPENDICES .................................................................................................................................................34

APPENDIX I: RESEARCH QUESTIONNAIRE SHEET:....................................................................................................34

APPENDIX II: WORK PLAN .......................................................................................................................................39

APPENDIX III: RESEARCH BUDGET ..........................................................................................................................40

APPENDIX IV: CONSENT FORM ................................................................................................................................41

APPENDIX V: LETTER OF INTRODCUTIONS..........................................................................................................................42

APPENDIX VI: MAP OF UGANDA SHOWING AMOLATAR DISTRICT ..........................................................................................43

APPENDIX VII: MAP OF AMOLATAR DISTRICT ....................................................................................................................44

Abstract Introduction Non adherence to Tuberculosis treatment is a leading cause of development of multi- drug resistance tuberculosis ( MDR-TB). This was across sectional as well as explorartory study conducted between April and May 2014, to determine factors affecting adherence to TB medication among patients receiving treatment at Amai community hospital, Amolatar district. Results. The study found out that 39 ( 40.2%) had abandoned treatment at various stages of treatment. The proportion of patients who were actaully non-adherant to treatment after active follow up was 17.7%. Risk factors for non-adherence were; having no treatment supporter, being single with no family support, low level of education, lack of awareness of the current TB medication and change of residence. Conclusion From this study, it was concluded that there was a high rate (17.7%) of non-adherence to treatment among the current TB patients in Amai hospital, Amolatar district, and that the patients with no treatment supporters were most at risk of non adherence to TB medication and development of multi- drug resistance TB ( MDR-TB). Recommendations Basing on the observations that there was high level of non-adherence to medication, the study hereby recommends that: · Put more emphasis adherence counseling for TB patients at every drugs refill. · Strengthen community based outreach programmes to promote interactions between the community and health workers so as to improve the knowledge about TB. · Health workers should allow patients to choose their own treatment supporter. · Introduce short message remainders to alert patients on when to come for their next refill.