ABSTRACT Novel Synthetic Routes to 14(3,17(3-Propano and Cyclopenta[14,15] 19-Norsteroids Pia Gail Mountford, Chemistry Department, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7700, February 1995 An efficient synthetic strategy for the stereoselective introduction of a 14(3-allyl group to estrone 3-methyl ether has been developed. The approach involves regio- and stereoselective Diets-Alder cycloaddition of acrolein to 3-methoxyestra-1,3,5(10),14,16- pentaen-17-yl acetate. Hydride reduction of the f...
Abstract Cycloadditions of steroidal 14,16-dienes with ketene equivalents were investigated, as routes to estradiol and estriol analogues. The cycloadduct of 3-methoxyestra- 1,3,5(10), 14,16-pentaen-17-yl acetate and 2-chloroacrylonitrile underwent an unprecedented tandem rearrangement, on attempted alkaline hydrolysis to the corresponding ketone. This product, obtained in ca. 90% yield, was formulated as (161R)-3-methoxy-17-oxo-158,161-cyclo-14,168-ethano-148-estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-16L carbo...
ABSTRACT The synthesis and characterization of zeolite and its application in adsorption of nickel from aqueous solution was investigated. Synthesis of zeolite was performed at 90 oC for 8 h. The size of the resulting crystals increased with an increase in the water content of the reaction mixture. The synthesized zeolite was characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) techniques. Crystal structure of the product was determined as zeolite X by XRD. The...
Background CRP was the first acute phase protein to be described and is sensitive systemic marker of inflammation and tissue damage especially in liver disease . hepatitis B viruses Is a common health problem throughout the world and one of the major risk factors for liver disease. General objective: To assess High Sensitive C-reactive protien of Hepatitis B in sudanese Patients In Khartoum State. Specific Objective: To assess CRP levels an study Group To correlate between C...
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of extraction methods on the thermal properties and the antimicrobial activity of Moringa peregrina seeds oil. The oil was extracted by cold pressing (CP) and maceration in n hexane (MH). The yields of the oils were 9.12% % and 21.87% respectively. Except the peroxide value, the chemical properties of the oil extracted by the two methods remained fairly unchanged. Additionally, the results have revealed that the oil which was ex...
ABSTRACT This study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of natural and synthetic materials as adsorbents for hard water treatment by using EDTA titrimetric method. Natural adsorbent prepared from cactus and synthetic adsorbent prepared by grafting potato starch and the study conducted on water samples collected from Nzuguni, Ng’ohong’hona, Kisasa and Swaswa in Dodoma municipality. The results revealed that the concentration of hardness decreased as the dose of (Cactus Materia...
ABSTRACT; Amritphala (psidium guajava l) is a small size tree in myrtaceae family, traditionally used in treatment of several diseases such as inflammation, diabetes, hypertension, wounds, pain and fever. When it comes to skin care, the astringents of guava enhance the skin texture and tighten loosened skin. The guava leaves works more effectively than any other skin nourishing lotions in the market. Decoction of immature leaves and fruits can be applied on the skin to prevent tightening and ...
Abstract Soap is sodium or potassium salt of fatty acid produced by saponification reaction. Soap is used on a day to day basis by households. The physicochemical properties of soaps determine their quality and hence determine their efficiency and their cleansing properties. It remains obscure the quality of the soaps that are sold in the local markets in Kenya and thus the need to assess them. Eight commercial washing soaps were analyzed for Matter insoluble in alcohol, moisture content, tot...
ABSTRACT The geometries of various tautomers of different ring size lactams have been studied by ab initio Hatree–Fock (HF) and Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations at Becke, three-parameter, Lee-Yang-Parr functional (B3LYP) level by using different basis sets in both gas and solvent phase. Optimized geometries and total energies for 12 possible tautomers of studied lactams were determined. Thermodynamic properties and tautomeric equilibria between different tautomers were calculat...
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to determine the concentrations of hydrogen cyanide in different cassava varieties from four districts of two regions namely Tanga and Mtwara and to determine how Senna singueana leaf extract reduce the amount of hydrogen cyanide in the selected samples at different temperatures of 26 °C and 36 °C. From each district most cultivated variety of cassava sample was collected in the particular area. Titrimetric method was used to determine free hydrogen cyani...
ABSTRACT Synthetic acid-base indicators used in titrimetric analysis are highly toxic and harmful to human beings and aquatic organisms. Due to the presence of anthocyanins, some plant extracts have been proved to exhibit solvatochromism properties that can be exploited for use as acid-base indicators in titrimetric analysis. In this research Eichhornia crassipes (E. crassipes) root extract was applied as an acid-base indicator in titrimetric analysis in comparison to standard synthetic acid-...
ABSTRACT The corrosion inhibition efficiency of Adansonia digitata (baobab) pulp and seeds methanolic extracts on mild steel in acidic media is investigated using different standard corrosion methods at room temperature. Weight loss measurement, Potentiodynamic Polarization and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) were applied to evaluate inhibition efficiency in the presence of Adansonia digitata Pulp Extract (AdPE) and Adansonia digitata Seed Extract (AdSE) as corrosion inhibitors....
ABSTRACT The freshwater green microalga Parietochloris incisa is the richest known plant source of the polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), arachidonic acid (20:4ω6, AA). Accumulation of AA and docosahexaenoic acid (22:0, DHA) is necessary for brain and retina development in infants. While many microalgae accumulate triacylglycerols (TAG) in the stationary phase or under certain stress conditions, these TAG are generally made of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids. In contrast, most cell...
ABSTRACT The validation of traditional medicines involves the isolation and characterization of bioactive compounds and the subsequent evaluation of their safety and efficacy. Traditionally used medicinal plants shortlisted for this study include Maerua schinzii Pax (Capparaceae) and Catophractes alexandri (Bignoniaceae) which are indigenous to Namibia. An extract of the leaves of M. schinzii is ethnomedicinally used to treat cough, headache, earache, acne and skin disorders, whereas the leav...
ABSTRACT This study aims to assess the fluoride adsorption characteristics of the two clay minerals categorized into ten groups i.e bentonite alone (B), bentonite impregnated with 1% sodium hydroxide (BS), thermally activated bentonite (800 0C) (BAA), bentonite impregnated with iron (BI), bentonite impregnated with aluminum (BA), mica alone (M), mica impregnated with 1% sodium hydroxide (MS), thermally activated mica (800 0C) (MAA), mica impregnated with iron (MI) and mica impregnated with a...