ASSESSMENT OF DOSE-DEPENDENT EFFECT OF ETHANOLICEXTRACT OF COCOS NUCIFERA HUSK ON ACTIVITIES OFENZYMIC ANTIOXIDANT IN STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED TYPE 2 DIABETES IN FEMALE WISTAR RAT

The global expenditure on diabetes related health care is an estimated USD760 billion a year. Diabetes is one of the leading causes of death in the world and about six deaths per minute are attributable to diabetes complications. In 2019 approximately 1.5 million deaths occur from diabetes annually, As of 2019, an estimated 463 million people had diabetes worldwide accounting for 8.8% of the adult population, diabetes is the 7th leading cause of death globally. Diabetes is a chronic metabolic condition that has significant health and economic effects. Diabetes is classified by the World Health Organization as a chronic metabolic disease that results from insufficient insulin production by the pancreas or from the body's resistance to the insulin that is produced. Elevated blood glucose, also known as blood sugar, is a defining feature of this condition. Over time, it can cause significant harm to the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys, and nerves. One of the main ways that diabetes progresses is through oxidative stress, which actively causes cellular damage that can occur before many diabetic problems do. Oxidative stress may lessen insulin sensitivity and kill the pancreatic cells that produce insulin, thus directly accelerating the onset of Diabetes Mellitus. There are various types of diabetes, type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes. In adults, type 2 diabetes is more frequent than type 1 and is mostly characterized by peripheral insulin resistance and inadequate functional mass of β-cells, risk factor includes diet, sedentary living, obesity. Thirty five (35) female wister rats(White albino rats) in the range of 120-170g were purchased for this experiment. They were kept in a well ventilated animal house and had access to clean water and feeds. The rats were acclimatized for two weeks and was pre fed with high fats feed to predispose them to obesity. They were made diabetic by administration of streptozotocin, animals with blood glucose of 200mg/dl and above were consider diabetic, while animal with blood glucose less than 200mg/dl are considered non-diabetic, animals were sacrificed and liver, kidney, heart and brain were excised for biochemical analyses. In this report, at 250,500,750mg/body weight dose of ethanolic extract of coconut husks there is increases in the activity of enzymic anti-oxidant in liver, kidney, heart, brain. Thereby preventing diabetes complication by ameliorate oxidative stress in these organs. In view of the above, the use of medicinal plants and natural products in the management of type-2-diabetes is recommended