ABSTRACT
Adhesive is a substance that holds materials together by surface attachment, while wood adhesive is a substance that is used to hold plywood for furniture works. This substance is essential and has universal applications. Thus the aim of this research work is to produce it using cassava starch as a base binder. Starch is also used in industries to produce ethanol and glucose for textile industries, laundry and paper adhesive industries.
It is of great importance to paper, wood and furniture industries and the need to produce a more stable adhesive locally to minimize cost remains the investigating factor for embarking on this research work.
The method of wood adhesive production used in this work was the questionnaire work was the gelatinization method. In the production, the optimum gelatinization temperature was found to be 800c while the optimum temperature of dextrin formation is 1400c. The production involves the souring of the starch from cassava, determination of the various additives employed in the production. The materials used in the production works were sourced in line with the objectives of the research. The following components were used: starch extracted from cassava which is responsible for the adhesion force that holds two bodies together, calcium carbonate (CaCo3) for viscosity improvement, formaldehyde as preservative, natrosol cellulose as a thicker and water as solvent.
Experimental analysis was based on all the factors that influence the stability of an adhesive example pH values, viscosity, tack time, boarding strength etc. the values obtained were compared with the standard brands and were found to compare favourable with other standard adhesives.
Formulation B showed the most desirable characteristics and hence is the optimum sample.
An adequate cost analysis was also carried out to determine the feasibility of the project on a commercial venture. Thus, a locally sourced product (wood adhesive) that can complete with similar product in terms of properties but at a much reduced cost was produced. The shelf life and teak time of the product were determined and found to be good. The wood adhesive was established to be water resistant.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page
Letter of transmittal
Approval page
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Abstract
Table of Contents
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Historical background (preamble)
1.2 Meaning of adhesive
1.3 Aims and objectives
1.4 The scope of the project
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW (SURVEY)
2.1 Historical report on adhesives.
2.2 Starch adhesive.
2.3 Adhesives
2.4 Classification of adhesive.
2.5 Factors considered when selecting a wood adhesive.
2.6 Advantages and limitations of the adhesives with respect to mechanical fasteners.
2.7 Adhesion and cohesion.
2.8 Components of adhesives
2.9 Starch.
2.10 Physical properties of starch
2.11 Chemical properties of starch
2.12 Degree isolation of starch
2.13 Adaptation of starch
2.14 Gelatinisation of starch.
2.15 Cassava Starch
2.16 Maize Starch
2.18 Components Of Starch Adhesives And Their Functions
CHAPTER THREE
MATERIALS AND METHOD FOF ANALYSIS.
3.1 Source of materials
3.2 This research work involves.
3.2.1 Extraction of starch from cassava.
3.2.2 Production of wood adhesive from cassava starch.
3.2.2.1Procedure
3.2.3 Analysis
3.2.3.1Bonding Strength Determination
3.2.3.2Melting Point Determination
3.2.3.3Spread ability Test
3.2.3.4Solid content determination
3.2.3.5Ph determination
3.2.3.6Moisture content determination
3.2.3.7Resistance to moiture.
3.2.3.8Shelf life test.
3.2.3.9Viscosity test
3.2.3.1Tack time determination
3.2 Packaging and storage
3.3 Comparing the product with the standard set
CHAPTER FOUR
RESULT AND DISCUSSIONS
4.1 Experimental Results
4.2Comparative with Standards: Parameters for Ranges of Wood Adhesives.
4.2.0Discussions
CHAPTER FIVE
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1Conclusion.
5.2Recommendations
References
Appendix