The Concept of Nonribosomal Peptide Sythetases: Industrial Application in Biosynthesis of Antibiotics

10 PAGES (2627 WORDS) Microbiology Article/Essay
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Abstract

Nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) are multimodular enzymes that are used wholly or partly in the biosynthesis of antiobiotics; a natural product that fall into the class of secondary metabolites. NRPSs have diverse functions and have also been used in the synthesis of toxins, siderophores, or pigments, among others. Unlike other proteins, its biosynthesis is independent of ribosomal machinery. Nonribosomal peptides are synthesized on large nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) enzyme complexes. Reports have shown the presence of NRPS enzymes in the three domains of life, being prevalent in bacteria. Several researches into NRPS have giving enough insights into the mechanism for how these enzymes assemble these antibiotic nonribosomal peptides. This review will briefly discuss how antibiotics development and discovery are being influenced by what we have learned from nature of nonribosomal peptide synthetases. Some of NRPs benefits shall also be discussed.

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